• Re: naughty Python

    From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:18:42 2026
    On 2025-12-31, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:

    On 12/31/25 13:55, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    On 2025-12-31, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:

    On 12/30/25 20:01, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    On 2025-12-31, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:

    Ah, LISP, the only language composed entirely
    of randomly spaced brackets :-)

    Lots of Irritating Spurious Parentheses

    Were they parens ? It's been a long time.

    Anyway ... seemed that 99% of the lang was
    nothing but those ... nesting nesting nesting
    and more nesting until you couldn't keep track
    of it at all.

    I wonder whether it's coincidence that the Structured Programming
    revolution was happening at about the same time. Lots of tiny
    modules ... nesting nesting nesting and more nesting until you
    couldn't keep track of it at all.

    I'm sure it was part of that trend. Did it START
    the trend ???

    I've writ stuff with five or six levels of nesting
    but don't like it, usually if/then/else stuff. Oft
    re-did it later to be more easy to follow. IMHO
    readability/comprehensibility is as important as
    functionally correct code.

    A deeply-nested IF is one thing. But functions calling functions
    calling functions is another form of nesting where readability
    can go out the window equally quickly. The Structured Programming
    zealots of the day seems to treat the number of functions in a
    program as a figure of merit.

    Can't wait to see what the AIs are cranking out in
    a few years ... 29 levels all bunched together into
    one gigantic line ? :-)

    Reminds me of a time when I was sent to a shop with an eye
    to converting their programs from BASIC-PLUS on a PDP-11
    to COBOL on a Univac 90/30. The code was written in that
    sort of write-only style - all spaces squashed out leaving
    super-long lines of super-terse expressions. I advised that
    although conversion might well be possible, it would be easier
    to just re-write it from scratch.

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:18:42 2026
    On 2026-01-01, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Thu, 01 Jan 2026 19:12:29 +0000, Richard Kettlewell wrote:

    Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> writes:

    Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    It was always rather flexible. Currently it?s a label you put on things
    to attract venture capital or other forms of finance.

    Best definition yet. It's already started with the 'smart' phone but I'm waiting for the marketers of consumer goods to tack AI onto frying pans
    and everything else.

    "If it can done, it should be done." That's one of a collection of sayings that someday I'll compile into an essay titled "Memes that Will Destroy the World".

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were incorporated
    into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with a clock in it.

    It wasn't very smart but it was sad to see Roomba go under. If nothing
    else it was good for terrorizing cats.

    I won't ever have a smart speaker, and I'll be damned if I'm going
    to have a vacuum cleaner that cases the joint and reports back to
    the mother ship. Besides, I have better ways to entertain the cats.

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:18:44 2026
    On 2025-12-31, Lars Poulsen <lars@beagle-ears.com> wrote:

    On 2025-12-31, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:

    Can't wait to see what the AIs are cranking out in
    a few years ... 29 levels all bunched together into
    one gigantic line ? :-)

    Shades of APL.

    There are three things a man must do before his life is done:
    Write two lines in APL, and make the buggers run.
    -- Stan Kelly-Bootle: The Devil's DP Dictionary

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:18:43 2026
    On 2026-01-01, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:

    On 12/31/25 19:55, rbowman wrote:

    On Wed, 31 Dec 2025 20:41:51 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:

    On Wed, 31 Dec 2025 15:38:19 -0000 (UTC), Lars Poulsen wrote:

    To anyone who has studied Kant, it is clear that it is the mind that >>>>> invented 'quantum theory'...

    The mind may have "invented" quantum theory" ...

    I wonder what kind of mind invented Kant?

    Hume. Disclaimer: I didn't get far enough into Kant to qualify as study.
    Maybe it was a bad translation or my mind works differently.

    "Immanuel Kant was a real piss-ant who
    was very rarely stable ....." :-)

    I spoke of re-arranging the arcade of fun-house
    mirrors over and over and claiming to see some
    Great Truth through the current configuration.
    Kant is just one of those re-arrangers, tortures
    semantics and perspectives like so many others.

    Similarly, politicians dream of re-arranging laws (and adding more,
    of course, never repealing) in pursuit of the dream that the right
    combination of legislation will result in Paradise.

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Thu Jan 1 20:14:30 2026
    On 1/1/26 16:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    In alt.folklore.computers The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 14:28, Peter Flass wrote:
    On 1/1/26 05:49, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 03:07, c186282 wrote:
    On 12/31/25 17:35, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/12/2025 19:21, c186282 wrote:
    I've writ stuff with five or six levels of nesting
    ÿÿ but don't like it, usually if/then/else stuff. Oft
    ÿÿ re-did it later to be more easy to follow. IMHO
    ÿÿ readability/comprehensibility is as important as
    ÿÿ functionally correct code.

    100% agree.

    Often write little functions that are only called once. Merely to
    lexically separate atomic functional blocks.

    No idea whether the compiler/linker inlines them or not.

    There is nothing worse than making top level decisions followed by >>>>>> some nitty detail to detect some low level error.

    e.g. assume a call to allocate memory always works or the call will >>>>>> do the appropriate jump to a global error handler to abort things
    cleanly.

    The point of structure was supposed to be to elucidate program flow, >>>>>> not obscure it with elegant formally correct cruft.


    ÿÿ Agree.

    ÿÿ As I've said before, I'm still quite fond of Pascal and
    ÿÿ write apps of various size in it (oft first proto-ed
    ÿÿ in Python). The structure is 'elegant', but you CAN
    ÿÿ carry it TOO far, to where it gets in the way instead
    ÿÿ of helping things.

    My one and onlyÿ experience of trying to make Pascal do what was
    trivial in 'C' led me to resolve never ever to touch it again.

    If you are trying to write - as it turned out I was - a disk driver in >>>> pascal, where a given sector may be a byte stream, a series of 16 bit
    integers,ÿ or a structure defined by thee first few bytes in the
    sector, you end up with a massive union that is so cumbersome it is
    almost impossible to read - let alone use.

    Doesn't Pascal have variant records?

    IIRC it (Turbo Pascal. The amateurs language) had unions of some sort,
    but I would have needed about 100 to cover all cases and it was even
    then messy.

    Turbo Pascal could do essentially all thar C could do (and do things
    which were not strightforward in C, but this is irrelevant here). And
    do this in a very similar way, once you knew how Turbo Pascal constructs worked. If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C. If you could do this more
    simply in C, you could do this more simply in Turbo Pascal too.
    Given what you wrote, it looks that you simply lacked experience
    writing Turbo Pascal. In other words, you were unqualified to
    do the job that you were supposed to do (write the driver in
    Turbo Pascal), so you decided to do thing that you know how to
    do, that is to write it in C.

    IMO biggest drawback of Turbo Pascal was poor speed of generated
    code (and size too). For me deal breaker was fact that Turbo
    Pascal was 16-bit and tied to DOS. DJGCC gave me 32-bit
    integers and slightly later I switched to Linux, so Turbo
    Pascal was not longer relevant for me. But if you were
    programming 16-bit DOS and did not mind poor speed of generated
    code, than IMO Turbo Pascal was quite decent programming
    language, quite competitive in expressivity to C.

    Now there's Free Pascal. I'm not a Pascal programmer, but I admit I was impressed when I looked at what's in the package.


    The existing code was shit anyway so I rewrote the lot

    That could be true. But given that you apparently do not know
    what Turbo Pascal can do, it is not clear if you are qualified
    to judge the code.

    BTW: It is normal and common for programmers to want to
    rewrite/write from scratch instead of understanding and
    improving existing code. But in most cases working on
    existing code leads to better effect.


    Exactly my experience.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 03:23:55 2026
    On Fri, 02 Jan 2026 02:18:42 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were
    incorporated into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with
    a clock in it.

    Not really. The Raspberry Pi computer still doesn?t include a clock
    chip, because it would add too much to the cost.

    "If it can done, it should be done." That's one of a collection of
    sayings that someday I'll compile into an essay titled "Memes that
    Will Destroy the World".

    I?m sure if you can write it, you should write it.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 03:24:55 2026
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 02:53:45 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    In alt.folklore.computers Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    Well, for me AI is process (and its results) of trying to solve
    problems that we can not solve using known (at given time) methods
    and which seem to require inteligence.

    You don?t see crossing the P/NP divide as being a good indication of
    such a distinction?

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Thu Jan 1 23:35:34 2026
    On 1/1/26 05:30, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    In alt.folklore.computers rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Tue, 30 Dec 2025 19:47:23 -0500, c186282 wrote:

    They've THOUGHT they had 'AI' more than once. Minsky was sure it'd be >>> easy during the 60s. Then, as you said, the 80s came and went but no >>> 'AI' worth a damn.

    Much of the neural network operations are still the same today but the
    hardware didn't exist to do millions of tensor operations in any finite
    time for anything but a toy app. 'I need 50 billion to build a center that >> will suck up the power and water from three states' wasn't going to happen >> even if the hardware did exist.

    The neural network approach was taken over by 'expert systems' The
    problem was you more or less needed a human expert on hand.

    But are 'expert systems' really AI? Theoretically so called
    expert system shells could do smart things, but examples I saw
    were essentially a bunch of "if ... then ..." which could be
    written in almost any programming language. One example of
    samewhat succesful 'expert system' is supposed to guide a user
    trough installing Unix. Description suggests that is is not
    smarter than modern Debian installer. And nobody thinks that
    Debian installer is AI.

    "Expert systems", 80s def, really WERE mostly just
    a bunch of if/then/else stuff - very simple rules,
    unenlightened, unintelligent. Good Enough for a lot
    of jobs though. "Fuzzy" is kinda similar, but at
    least compared a bunch of values to reach its decision.

    Don't cuss "fuzzy", used it for a number of motor-
    control pgms quite successfully - minimal code that
    yielded good results ... used integers (vals * 100)
    instead of the usual 'reals' however.

    Blend NN and
    expert and you have something that sucks in petabytes of data, sort of
    links together tokens (words) that commonly are used together, declares
    itself an expert, and spits out pieces it has acquired like a vomiting
    magpie.

    Statistics people for ages construct decision trees. NN-s seem
    to be much smarter, but once you have a decision tree (or more
    fancy thing like forest with voting), you get quite ordinary
    program.

    NNs are 'different'. Not 'expert', not 'fuzzy', not LLM.
    A little closer to how biological brains work. The bitch
    has been finding suitable elements that can be compactly
    put on chips. They're getting better at that. Maybe 10
    years and decently good 'AI' will fit INSIDE a bot instead
    of a 20 acre gigawatt data center.

    Then we're in trouble .....


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 04:56:31 2026
    On 2026-01-02, Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    On Fri, 02 Jan 2026 02:18:42 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were
    incorporated into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with
    a clock in it.

    Not really. The Raspberry Pi computer still doesn?t include a clock
    chip, because it would add too much to the cost.

    "If it can done, it should be done." That's one of a collection of
    sayings that someday I'll compile into an essay titled "Memes that
    Will Destroy the World".

    I?m sure if you can write it, you should write it.

    Ouch. :-)

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 00:06:34 2026
    On 1/1/26 07:17, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 01:07, c186282 wrote:
    Ah, Python cheat, 'try/except' ... you don't JUMP
    ÿÿ out of an inescapable fabrication, you deliberately
    ÿÿ create an error and let the 'except' catch it
    ÿÿ further down and out. Then YOU didn't write an
    ÿÿ evil jump instruction, just fooled Python into
    ÿÿ doing it for youÿ ?
    Exactly.
    Every if construct has an implicit goto [IFNOT].
    The problem seems to be that three cinatraints, rwo of them aretifical,
    weem to be in play againts eaxh other.

    1. The way machine code operates is full of gotos.
    2. The desire of practical coders to have code that is easily understood.
    3. The desire of compScis to have code conform to some arbitrary
    standard of completeness op elegance or some other bollocks. And then
    impose that on a language.

    You summed that up nicely ! :-)

    Considering early 'structured' langs like Algol/Pascal,
    USUALLY you can structure things to cope with any prob.
    However sometimes, well, 'perfect' structure for that
    may take WAY longer than you can afford to invest, so
    some 'cheats' may have to be introduced. CompSci people
    won't understand that reality.

    Real life, 'structure' as well as practical - and a
    later review can often yield some inspirations. But
    don't get HUNG UP on 'perfect' structure. "Cheats"
    like flags work, "GOTO"-equivs work, the 'error'
    cheat mentioned works.

    IMHO, *every* lang should contain a "goto" equiv, just
    to cope with reality.

    The compiled ASM/machine-code ... yep ... look at it.
    Tons of jump instructions. Why are WE expected to
    think SO differently from the very machines we're
    writing for ? :-)


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 01:15:08 2026
    On 1/1/26 07:37, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 02:50, c186282 wrote:
    On 12/31/25 17:28, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/12/2025 16:46, c186282 wrote:
    On 12/31/25 10:08, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/12/2025 14:21, c186282 wrote:
    I'm not qualified to fine-critique Penrose. However
    ÿÿ when he insisted brains MUST be quantum ... some
    ÿÿ little red light went off in my head.

    Yes. To anyone who has studied Kant, it is clear that it is the
    mind that invented 'quantum theory'...so to make it an emergent
    property of its own creation, is the wrong sort of feedback

    ÿÿ Well, you can argue that the QM nature of brain/mind
    ÿÿ always existed - but it's only just now we (Penrose)
    ÿÿ figured it out. :-)

    You could, but I wouldn't.]

    QM is just another invention of the mind. What it refers to may well
    not be of the mind though.

    And it makes the analysis simpler to consider that it is not.

    ÿÿ Let's say things SEEM to be 'quantum'. But then
    ÿÿ we're little 3-D beings barely out of the trees
    ÿÿ and still sometimes throw shit at each other.

    That is your metaphysical assumption. It doesn't make it true.


    Ummmm ... think about it for awhile :-)

    "Classical", now plus "quantum" ... they are the
    best we've been able to work out about the 'real
    world' so far. That does not mean we have the
    Big Picture however. Maybe we never will/can.
    Maybe there's NO solid fer-sure Big Picture.

    We do the best we can.

    Then build "religions" around it.


    ÿÿ Strictly, everything is 'quantum' anyhow, protons,
    ÿÿ electrons, quarks, everything.

    No. that is a *metaphysical* assumption. we can assume it pro tem to
    see where it gets us. Into a right buggers muddle. Along with Penrose.

    Assume insteadÿ that consciousness is absolutely independent of
    quantum reality and redraw the relationships.

    ÿÿ That we both seem to agree on ... at least insofar
    ÿÿ as 'mind' goes. The 'material' stuff of brains,
    ÿÿ there, so far as we can tell, quantum defines its
    ÿÿ existence/actions at the ultra-fine level, but
    ÿÿ we can have 'consciousness' without having to
    ÿÿ worry about that tiny stuff.

    If you examine the matter at the most fundamental level, you discover
    that all classical science and the classical worldview implicitly
    depends on the concept of the 'detached observer' . I.e. a consciousness that stands outside of that which it observes and whose observations do
    not affect the thing under observation.

    True.

    But I think we're never so "detached" - just 'part
    OF The System'. There is no 'outside'.

    Try to frame The Universe as a 4-D "bubble", reduced
    to a handy 3-D sort of view, to people and they ask
    what's inside/outside that bubble. Well, NOTHING,
    it's just a handy way for OUR kind of things to
    visualize reality.

    It is *defined* to be immaterial. A late-model version of the 'immortal soul'.ÿÿ That is the concept of this immaterial and immortal entity that stands outside of time and space peering in, is *implicit* in the
    classical worldview.

    And yet scientists want to make it an emergent property of the worldview
    it studies..

    That cant be done without contradiction.

    I see what you're aiming at - and it's largely true.

    There's long been the trend to trying to separate
    'the material' from some kind of higher/essential/
    'spiritual' take on things. Probably because life
    was so long (STILL in lots of places) so SHITTY.

    But IMHO it's a delusion, emotional cherry pie.

    All are one and one is all ... a great Gordian knot.

    ÿÿ Computers can be made to compute using quite a number
    ÿÿ of physical media - hell, you could make a 'hydraulic
    ÿÿ computer' if you had the space, one out of wooden parts,
    ÿÿ and it would be as accurate as any 2nm transistor model.
    ÿÿ The logic is the logic, independent of the means.

    ÿÿ Neuron networks are just another 'means'.

    It all becomes simpler.

    ÿÿ I suspect we're drifting towards Buddhism here ... and
    ÿÿ I learned long ago to bail out once a certain level of
    ÿÿ 'metaphysics' creeps inÿ :-)

    Well that is one rather less sophisticated version of the same thing, yes. What comprises the material world is real, but not as we know it, Jim.

    The Buddha DID seem to have some bits right (and it crossed
    over to Plato in his 'Allegory Of The Cave'). The KIND of
    things we are, the world/universe we evolved to fit, do
    not and cannot see True Reality ever. We get 'representations'
    instead, which CAN be very misleading.

    But IS there an 'above and beyond' ??? Don't count on it.

    It is a *transform* of it. And the agency doing that transform is the mind/consciousness/spirit/soul or whatever BS name you want to refer to
    it by.

    That is the minimum number of elements *necessary* for an entity to
    become aware of an externality.

    Something thatÿ has been blindingly obvious for thousands of years.,


    Amoeba are 'aware' of 'externalities'.


    ÿÿ Gimme what demonstrably WORKS, what is USEFUL. Fuck
    ÿÿ args about the 'fine context(s)/interpretation(s)",
    ÿÿ the "Game Of Nuances and Twisted Semantics". People
    ÿÿ have been at this for many thousands of years,
    ÿÿ endlessly re-arranging an arcade of fun-house mirrors,
    ÿÿ "If you look at it all like THIS you shall find
    ÿÿ the Great Truth" ........

    Well all science is ultimately about what (seems to) work. The problem
    of consciousnessÿ is that it doesn't work 'like wot it orta'.

    Our 'science' is 'contaminated' - with US :-)

    But there's no escape from "US-ism". We will
    always, must always, see things through the
    "human-colored glasses".

    Hmm ... consider Shelly's "Frankenstein/New Prometheus",
    about 1820, barely 200 years ago. It was still full of
    questions about 'soul' and 'essential qualities' and
    such ... coming hard up against a new more 'mechanical'
    scientific view of things. In short we're BARELY beyond
    all that in the long view of things. One little trip
    and we're BACK to the Old View. Hell, east Africa, they
    are still after 'witches' and grinding up albino kids
    to 'magic' powders. Such views have great 'emotional
    resonance', seems deeply wired into our brains, old
    life 'survival' instincts with a little IQ added to
    make them more complicated.

    There are a number of 'religious' TV stations included
    in my package. They STILL push the metaphysical, the
    God(s) -vs- Devil(s) view, 24/7/365. "Science" has
    NOT won the day, not at all. It does not include the
    more emotional/existential aspects of human existence
    and is thus seen as too 'sterile'.

    Hence the need for a different metaphysical rule set to accommodate it.
    Just as Einstein had to rewrite the concept of absolute space and time. Because the experimental results didn't make sense otherwise.

    He looked at Maxwell's stuff and said "Hey ! Wait a minute !".

    The transcendental idealism of Kant et al makes it all work, but at the expense of completely abandoning the classical world of everyday sense
    as *primary*.

    Ignore 'philosophers'. It's a profession based
    on SEEMING "profound". Semantic salad, just with
    various flavors of dressing on top.

    Sorry, label me as a "utilitarian" :-)

    And sticking human consciousness as more primary, in its place.

    Well, it IS, and ISN'T :-)

    Don't forget yer 'Human-Colored Glasses'.

    Is this why govts are hiding the Space Aliens,
    because the view through THEIR glasses might be
    so utterly incompatible ???

    Which is unacceptable to the vast number of scientists reared on the
    creed of material realism.

    Hence the dichotomy. And hand waving of consciousness as 'just quantum
    shit, or something'

    Just surfed to a "Harry Potter" film ... lots
    of 'hand waving', no questions about WHY it
    might work.

    And so odd that 'magic' only works if you murmur
    a lot of bad Latin ... :-)


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 06:58:34 2026
    On 2 Jan 2026 06:01:53 GMT, Ted Nolan <tednolan> wrote:

    Turbo Pascal for CP/M-86 could access the graphics hardware on the
    DEC Rainbow. A niche to be sure, but one my CSCI graphics class did
    its projects in.

    Did it have its own custom drivers for direct hardware access? Or did
    it work through the ?GSX? (GKS-superset) graphics library from Digital Research?

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:08:23 2026
    On 1/1/26 07:49, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 03:07, c186282 wrote:
    On 12/31/25 17:35, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/12/2025 19:21, c186282 wrote:
    I've writ stuff with five or six levels of nesting
    ÿÿ but don't like it, usually if/then/else stuff. Oft
    ÿÿ re-did it later to be more easy to follow. IMHO
    ÿÿ readability/comprehensibility is as important as
    ÿÿ functionally correct code.

    100% agree.

    Often write little functions that are only called once. Merely to
    lexically separate atomic functional blocks.

    No idea whether the compiler/linker inlines them or not.

    There is nothing worse than making top level decisions followed by
    some nitty detail to detect some low level error.

    e.g. assume a call to allocate memory always works or the call will
    do the appropriate jump to a global error handler to abort things
    cleanly.

    The point of structure was supposed to be to elucidate program flow,
    not obscure it with elegant formally correct cruft.


    ÿÿ Agree.

    ÿÿ As I've said before, I'm still quite fond of Pascal and
    ÿÿ write apps of various size in it (oft first proto-ed
    ÿÿ in Python). The structure is 'elegant', but you CAN
    ÿÿ carry it TOO far, to where it gets in the way instead
    ÿÿ of helping things.

    My one and onlyÿ experience of trying to make Pascal do what was trivial
    in 'C' led me to resolve never ever to touch it again.

    Oh, I came to LOVE Pascal ... resonated with my soul,
    so to speak. Started with the early M$/IBM multi-pass
    compiler. STILL have that, in a VM, and DO write little
    pgms with it for fun from time to time. Have the old
    multi-pass 'C' compiler too.

    STILL looking for a Modula-3 compiler for Linux that
    actually WORKS .... the Canadian product gives me
    nothing but incomprehensible error messages. M2 is
    "pretty good" but M3 was "better refined".

    If you are trying to write - as it turned out I was - a disk driver in pascal, where a given sector may be a byte stream, a series of 16 bit integers,ÿ or a structure defined by thee first few bytes in the sector,
    you end up with a massive union that is so cumbersome it is almost impossible to read - let alone use.

    Um ... HAVE done stuff kinda like that awhile ago.
    I seem to remember that there WERE short-cuts to
    those huge unions/structures. Object Pascal makes
    some of that more easy to address. Lazarus/FPC is
    now my go-to. Lots of Python protos translated
    over to that. STILL the best combo for a working
    GUI app working TODAY.

    Wrote a comprehensive file/dir encryption app in
    Python once - intent was to backup whole servers
    to 'cloud' without sending a single unencrypted
    file to them. However it would be better/faster
    in a compiled lang. Looked at Pascal, but in the
    end it would be better in 'C'. It was, albeit the
    UGLY part was dealing with STRINGS, including the
    CL params. Still have several apps that call it
    as an os.system() or equiv.

    Procedure ... zip FIRST if you want to zip, then
    use SSL to AES encrypt, then SEND with a fake
    file name. Finally, rename/re-date that file
    on the cloud server. Works best.

    Saved INDIVIDUAL files to cloud. That way you
    could easily SEE, and download, without having
    to deal with massive ZIP archives or whatever.
    Worked well. 'rsync' determined what had been
    updated and had to be re-sent to cloud. Translating
    directory trees was more fun, solved that while
    riding on a motorcycle down an interstate highway,
    just popped into my brain, five lines of code :-)

    COULD have been four lines, but five made it More Plain.

    Note for 'rsync' ... as the cloud files were not the
    same size/name as the originals you could not use it
    in the traditional way.

    C's ability to say if this byte is such and such then what follows may
    be considered to be a structure, or else 17 integers, or else a text string....the point being that the people who constructed the software
    that wrote to the (ram) disk didn't write in Pascal. They wrote in Assembler. They had AFAICT ripped off CP/M.
    I threw the pascal out and rewrote everything in a Frenchÿ B & B over
    the weekend.ÿ In C. Probably the best work I ever did.

    I'd say that the 'C' representation and Pascal representation
    were 'mostly the same' in practical terms.

    For which the guy who I did it for didn't pay me till I took him to court.

    Hmm ... I did it 'mostly for fun' ... just Part Of The Job.

    Whereas the best money I ever made was to go to London and get paid œ450
    to snip the leg on one capacitor...

    Heh heh ... sometimes fixes can be SO easy, but SO few
    see them :-)

    Seems to be Even Worse now ...

    "Cross discipline" people have become RARE. If
    'hardware' and 'system' and 'software' people
    become entirely different camps then solutions
    become almost impossible.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:19:38 2026
    On 1/1/26 09:28, Peter Flass wrote:
    On 1/1/26 05:49, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 03:07, c186282 wrote:
    On 12/31/25 17:35, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/12/2025 19:21, c186282 wrote:
    I've writ stuff with five or six levels of nesting
    ÿÿ but don't like it, usually if/then/else stuff. Oft
    ÿÿ re-did it later to be more easy to follow. IMHO
    ÿÿ readability/comprehensibility is as important as
    ÿÿ functionally correct code.

    100% agree.

    Often write little functions that are only called once. Merely to
    lexically separate atomic functional blocks.

    No idea whether the compiler/linker inlines them or not.

    There is nothing worse than making top level decisions followed by
    some nitty detail to detect some low level error.

    e.g. assume a call to allocate memory always works or the call will
    do the appropriate jump to a global error handler to abort things
    cleanly.

    The point of structure was supposed to be to elucidate program flow,
    not obscure it with elegant formally correct cruft.


    ÿÿ Agree.

    ÿÿ As I've said before, I'm still quite fond of Pascal and
    ÿÿ write apps of various size in it (oft first proto-ed
    ÿÿ in Python). The structure is 'elegant', but you CAN
    ÿÿ carry it TOO far, to where it gets in the way instead
    ÿÿ of helping things.

    My one and onlyÿ experience of trying to make Pascal do what was
    trivial in 'C' led me to resolve never ever to touch it again.

    If you are trying to write - as it turned out I was - a disk driver in
    pascal, where a given sector may be a byte stream, a series of 16 bit
    integers,ÿ or a structure defined by thee first few bytes in the
    sector, you end up with a massive union that is so cumbersome it is
    almost impossible to read - let alone use.

    Doesn't Pascal have variant records?


    Yep ! Has from the get-go.

    In truth the 'C' and Pascal reps of the same data
    discussed aren't THAT different, not THAT much
    harder to access and deal with. They're just a bit
    'different', viewed through slightly different-colored
    glasses, so to speak.

    I remain a firm Pascal-lover (indeed keep looking
    for a M3 Linux compiler that actually WORKS). Do
    many Python protos that I then convert into more
    pleasing, smaller, faster, Pascal versions.

    Yea, there's GNU 'M2' ... but M3 was "more refined".


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:40:13 2026
    On 1/1/26 09:55, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-01 15:28, Peter Flass wrote:
    On 1/1/26 05:49, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 03:07, c186282 wrote:
    On 12/31/25 17:35, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 31/12/2025 19:21, c186282 wrote:


    ÿÿ Agree.

    ÿÿ As I've said before, I'm still quite fond of Pascal and
    ÿÿ write apps of various size in it (oft first proto-ed
    ÿÿ in Python). The structure is 'elegant', but you CAN
    ÿÿ carry it TOO far, to where it gets in the way instead
    ÿÿ of helping things.

    My one and onlyÿ experience of trying to make Pascal do what was
    trivial in 'C' led me to resolve never ever to touch it again.

    If you are trying to write - as it turned out I was - a disk driver
    in pascal, where a given sector may be a byte stream, a series of 16
    bit integers,ÿ or a structure defined by thee first few bytes in the
    sector, you end up with a massive union that is so cumbersome it is
    almost impossible to read - let alone use.

    Doesn't Pascal have variant records?


    Free Pascal at least does.

    https://www.freepascal.org/docs-html/ref/refsu15.html

    'Variants' date WAY back, maybe to the original Pascal.

    DO have the old M$/IBM multi-pass compiler in a VM ...
    I'll have to check if IT does 'variant'. "Turbo"
    decidedly HAD variant records.

    I have a book somewhere that came with a floppy, and it had several
    examples of using files with variant parts. It was easy.

    For the disk info mentioned, both 'C' and Pascal WILL
    deliver it ... just slightly different formats and
    'feel'. Basically eqiv FUNCTION.

    Pascal was not a 'theoretical' lang ... Prof Nick
    actually meant it to WORK in the real world.

    The old Algol ... no I/O ... a 'theoretical' lang.
    DID improve, but too late.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 02:44:37 2026
    On 1/1/26 14:00, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 10:30:54 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    Kinda complex.

    "AI" is generally understood as an "electronic human",
    delivers very similar results. The exact MEANS is
    irrelevant.

    "Expert systems", kind of an 80's thing, were VERY
    limited - basically lots of if/then/else constructs.

    This WAS good enough for a lot of needs however,
    still IS.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 05:37:02 2026
    On 1/2/26 00:59, rbowman wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 23:54:37 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    IMO biggest drawback of Turbo Pascal was poor speed of generated code
    (and size too). For me deal breaker was fact that Turbo Pascal was
    16-bit and tied to DOS. DJGCC gave me 32-bit integers and slightly
    later I switched to Linux, so Turbo Pascal was not longer relevant for
    me. But if you were programming 16-bit DOS and did not mind poor speed
    of generated code, than IMO Turbo Pascal was quite decent programming
    language, quite competitive in expressivity to C.

    I never used the DOS TurboPascal, only the CP/M version. I used the BDS C subset compiler on CP/M and moved to DJGPP eventually.

    Look ... consider the existing environment. It WAS
    the M$/IBM multi-pass Pascal compiler (still have
    that in a VM and DO use it once in awhile for fun).

    TP was a TOTAL REVOLUTION ... not only because of
    the integrated development environment but because
    of the BLAZING compilation speed.

    If/when the final code was a bit bigger than the
    old compilers - WHO CARED ???

    TP let you write, test, re-write, test ... in
    mere MINUTES and helped you along all the way.

    In short it SET THE STANDARD for how IDEs
    should be. From there on everybody expected
    equal or better.

    And yes, I love Pascal ... still use FPC/Lazarus
    quite a bit. There's just a certain 'elegance'
    to Pascal ... reminds of composing classical
    music somehow ........


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 10:59:55 2026
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.


    --
    ?it should be clear by now to everyone that activist environmentalism
    (or environmental activism) is becoming a general ideology about humans,
    about their freedom, about the relationship between the individual and
    the state, and about the manipulation of people under the guise of a
    'noble' idea. It is not an honest pursuit of 'sustainable development,'
    a matter of elementary environmental protection, or a search for
    rational mechanisms designed to achieve a healthy environment. Yet
    things do occur that make you shake your head and remind yourself that
    you live neither in Joseph Stalin?s Communist era, nor in the Orwellian
    utopia of 1984.?

    Vaclav Klaus


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 11:02:42 2026
    On 02/01/2026 03:14, Peter Flass wrote:

    BTW: It is normal and common for programmers to want to
    rewrite/write from scratch instead of understanding and
    improving existing code.ÿ But in most cases working on
    existing code leads to better effect.


    Exactly my experience.

    Not mine. In this case the code simply did not work at all.

    It wasn't a case of a 'few bugs' it was a case of 'complete redesign
    needed in a weekend'

    And I could program much faster in C.


    --
    "And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch".

    Gospel of St. Mathew 15:14



    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 11:04:19 2026
    On 02/01/2026 10:37, c186282 wrote:
    TP let you write, test, re-write, test ... in
    ÿ mere MINUTES and helped you along all the way.
    As I said the amateurs language. BASIC in all but name

    --
    ?People believe certain stories because everyone important tells them,
    and people tell those stories because everyone important believes them. Indeed, when a conventional wisdom is at its fullest strength, one?s
    agreement with that conventional wisdom becomes almost a litmus test of
    one?s suitability to be taken seriously.?

    Paul Krugman


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 11:10:06 2026
    On 02/01/2026 02:18, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
    Similarly, politicians dream of re-arranging laws (and adding more,
    of course, never repealing) in pursuit of the dream that the right combination of legislation will result in Paradise.

    You really think that they do?

    In reality they would prefer to take the salary and the perks and do
    fuck all. The best ones.
    The worst ones are those with Big Beautiful Ideas.

    Most problems that haven't been solved already are not amenable to
    political interference anyway: the best thing is to give people the
    freedom to sort them, themselves.


    --
    "First, find out who are the people you can not criticise. They are your oppressors."
    - George Orwell


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 11:13:59 2026
    On 02/01/2026 04:35, c186282 wrote:
    NNs are 'different'. Not 'expert', not 'fuzzy', not LLM.
    ÿ A little closer to how biological brains work. The bitch
    ÿ has been finding suitable elements that can be compactly
    ÿ put on chips. They're getting better at that. Maybe 10
    ÿ years and decently good 'AI' will fit INSIDE a bot instead
    ÿ of a 20 acre gigawatt data center.

    Yes. They are ultimately pattern recognition engines.

    Trouble with those is you have to get the gain right, I cant remember
    what happened to that software you fed images too and it turned them
    into eyes, and dogs where there used to be plants. Because it tried too
    hard.

    Great fun

    --
    "First, find out who are the people you can not criticise. They are your oppressors."
    - George Orwell


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 12:24:26 2026
    On 2026-01-02 11:37, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 00:59, rbowman wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 23:54:37 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    IMO biggest drawback of Turbo Pascal was poor speed of generated code
    (and size too).ÿ For me deal breaker was fact that Turbo Pascal was
    16-bit and tied to DOS.ÿ DJGCC gave me 32-bit integers and slightly
    later I switched to Linux, so Turbo Pascal was not longer relevant for
    me.ÿ But if you were programming 16-bit DOS and did not mind poor speed
    of generated code, than IMO Turbo Pascal was quite decent programming
    language, quite competitive in expressivity to C.

    I never used the DOS TurboPascal, only the CP/M version. I used the BDS C
    subset compiler on CP/M and moved to DJGPP eventually.

    ÿ Look ... consider the existing environment. It WAS
    ÿ the M$/IBM multi-pass Pascal compiler (still have
    ÿ that in a VM and DO use it once in awhile for fun).

    ÿ TP was a TOTAL REVOLUTION ... not only because of
    ÿ the integrated development environment but because
    ÿ of the BLAZING compilation speed.

    ÿ If/when the final code was a bit bigger than the
    ÿ old compilers - WHO CARED ???

    I don't remember at what version, 4 or 6, the binary program became much smaller. A HelloWorld was roughly 2 KB, while in C it was 28. They
    invented smart linking.



    ÿ TP let you write, test, re-write, test ... in
    ÿ mere MINUTES and helped you along all the way.

    ÿ In short it SET THE STANDARD for how IDEs
    ÿ should be. From there on everybody expected
    ÿ equal or better.

    ÿ And yes, I love Pascal ... still use FPC/Lazarus
    ÿ quite a bit. There's just a certain 'elegance'
    ÿ to Pascal ... reminds of composing classical
    ÿ music somehow ........



    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 12:27:55 2026
    On 2026-01-02 11:59, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.



    Borland Pascal also had typecasting.

    BYTE(MyChar)

    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 11:35:25 2026
    On 02/01/2026 06:15, c186282 wrote:
    I see what you're aiming at - and it's largely true.

    ÿ There's long been the trend to trying to separate
    ÿ 'the material' from some kind of higher/essential/
    ÿ 'spiritual' take on things. Probably because life
    ÿ was so long (STILL in lots of places) so SHITTY.

    We don't need to try. Its already implicit in the 'realist' model of the world. That 'the world' exists outside the consciousness of the
    'detached observer' and is not contingent upon his/her observations.

    You cannot be objective about 'the world' without introducing some sort
    of 'spiritual dimension'. There is me, and not-me. and the irreducible
    notion on me-ness is the conscious mind.

    Rational materialism of Western Science IS ultimately *religion*. Its
    based on an unwarranted assumption about the nature of ourselves, and
    the world, that we adhere to ultimately because, as Richard Dawkins
    said 'It works, bitches'.

    Dealing with inanimate stuff at human scale it works fairly well

    Not so much with animate or conscious stuff, or at micro scales.



    ÿ But IMHO it's a delusion, emotional cherry pie.

    What isn't?

    You can call Christianity 'mere child psychology' if you like. And many
    have.

    You can say 'all is an illusion, a simulation'

    The truth content is irrelevant, The whole point of metaphysics and
    (Western) religion is to pose the question 'but where does that get you??

    Since the actual truth is unknowable.
    Would you rather be wrong and happy, or right and miserable?


    ÿ All are one and one is all ... a great Gordian knot.

    Well that's as useless as saying it's God Swill.

    The fundamental basis of our conscious world is a decision to say "Me
    here. It there" and produce a worldview based on the split between
    'self' and 'other'.

    The problem is, who or what makes that choice?

    And possibly, why?....

    --
    "It is an established fact to 97% confidence limits that left wing conspirators see right wing conspiracies everywhere"


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 06:39:23 2026
    On 1/2/26 06:10, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 02/01/2026 02:18, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
    Similarly, politicians dream of re-arranging laws (and adding more,
    of course, never repealing) in pursuit of the dream that the right
    combination of legislation will result in Paradise.

    You really think that they do?

    In reality they would prefer to take the salary and the perks and do
    fuck all. The best ones.
    The worst ones are those with Big Beautiful Ideas.

    Most problems that haven't been solved already are not amenable to
    political interference anyway: the best thing is to give people the
    freedom to sort them, themselves.


    Ha ... are you familiar with 'civil suits' in the USA ?
    The 'standard of evidence' is about NIL. "Guilt" just
    depends on how good an orator your attorney/barrister
    happens to be. Many many RIDICULOUS verdicts, sometimes
    for millions, maybe billions, of dollars. If you are
    a biz/institution you're SCREWED - doesn't matter -
    the jury WILL find you guilty ... some kind of inner
    Marxist/jealous neural wiring.

    WHY are some things SO expensive in the USA ? This
    is a BIG reason. Medical care is especially impacted.
    What, modern docs can't predict/fix EVERYTHING ?
    SUE THE BASTARDS !!!

    They should have fixed this 100+ years ago - but
    did not.

    Famous case - O.J.Simpson ... found NOT guilty by a
    criminal court - but subsequently sued out of all
    his assets by a civil jury. We also see biz cases
    like for glyphosphate weed killer. STILL ads on
    the TV by legal firms out to exploit THAT. "Did
    you EVER use this ? Are you sick from ANYTHING ?
    Then we'll score a MILLION for you ! Just call ..."

    The only defense for biz is to delay, delay, delay.
    The lawyers make big $$$ in any case.

    Note most US pols ARE lawyers ...


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 06:51:58 2026
    On 1/2/26 06:24, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-02 11:37, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 00:59, rbowman wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 23:54:37 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    IMO biggest drawback of Turbo Pascal was poor speed of generated code
    (and size too).ÿ For me deal breaker was fact that Turbo Pascal was
    16-bit and tied to DOS.ÿ DJGCC gave me 32-bit integers and slightly
    later I switched to Linux, so Turbo Pascal was not longer relevant for >>>> me.ÿ But if you were programming 16-bit DOS and did not mind poor speed >>>> of generated code, than IMO Turbo Pascal was quite decent programming
    language, quite competitive in expressivity to C.

    I never used the DOS TurboPascal, only the CP/M version. I used the
    BDS C
    subset compiler on CP/M and moved to DJGPP eventually.

    ÿÿ Look ... consider the existing environment. It WAS
    ÿÿ the M$/IBM multi-pass Pascal compiler (still have
    ÿÿ that in a VM and DO use it once in awhile for fun).

    ÿÿ TP was a TOTAL REVOLUTION ... not only because of
    ÿÿ the integrated development environment but because
    ÿÿ of the BLAZING compilation speed.

    ÿÿ If/when the final code was a bit bigger than the
    ÿÿ old compilers - WHO CARED ???

    I don't remember at what version, 4 or 6, the binary program became much smaller. A HelloWorld was roughly 2 KB, while in C it was 28. They
    invented smart linking.

    Khan's people at Borland were VERY SMART PEOPLE.

    The 'Turbo' languages WERE a major revolution, and
    forever set The Standard. Compilation should be
    pushing a button, and DONE by the time you get
    your finger off that button - WITH clear error
    messages and shifting the IDE to the problem line !

    And there were CP/M versions of early TP too :-)

    Gotta find a Z-80 clone board to fool around with ...
    I know there are some ......

    Hmm ... came across a bit of historical trivia.
    Appears that Phillipe Khan invented sending photos
    over cell phones. He did it so he could send pix
    of his new baby to friends and relatives ....


    ÿÿ TP let you write, test, re-write, test ... in
    ÿÿ mere MINUTES and helped you along all the way.

    ÿÿ In short it SET THE STANDARD for how IDEs
    ÿÿ should be. From there on everybody expected
    ÿÿ equal or better.

    ÿÿ And yes, I love Pascal ... still use FPC/Lazarus
    ÿÿ quite a bit. There's just a certain 'elegance'
    ÿÿ to Pascal ... reminds of composing classical
    ÿÿ music somehow ........



    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 06:54:36 2026
    On 1/2/26 06:27, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-02 11:59, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.



    Borland Pascal also had typecasting.

    BYTE(MyChar)

    Yep. TP was a slight 'super-set' of Wirth Pascal.
    Cleaned up a few lackings. Wirth, though practical,
    was still kind of an 'academic' and didn't always
    address typical real-world problems. Easy type-casts
    made things a LOT better.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 11:57:15 2026
    On 02/01/2026 11:54, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 06:27, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-02 11:59, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.



    Borland Pascal also had typecasting.

    BYTE(MyChar)

    ÿ Yep. TP was a slight 'super-set' of Wirth Pascal.
    ÿ Cleaned up a few lackings. Wirth, though practical,
    ÿ was still kind of an 'academic' and didn't always
    ÿ address typical real-world problems. Easy type-casts
    ÿ made things a LOT better.

    How did it handle pointers...?

    --
    The theory of Communism may be summed up in one sentence: Abolish all
    private property.

    Karl Marx



    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 07:10:03 2026
    On 1/2/26 06:57, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 02/01/2026 11:54, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 06:27, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-02 11:59, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.



    Borland Pascal also had typecasting.

    BYTE(MyChar)

    ÿÿ Yep. TP was a slight 'super-set' of Wirth Pascal.
    ÿÿ Cleaned up a few lackings. Wirth, though practical,
    ÿÿ was still kind of an 'academic' and didn't always
    ÿÿ address typical real-world problems. Easy type-casts
    ÿÿ made things a LOT better.

    How did it handle pointers...?

    TP, never had any problems there. Not sure if I ever
    tried pointers in Wirth Pascal ....


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Kerr-Mudd, John@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 13:06:34 2026
    On 2 Jan 2026 06:32:41 GMT
    rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Fri, 02 Jan 2026 02:18:42 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were
    incorporated into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with a clock in it.

    I used those little round stick-ons to keep track of project hours. When I couldn't find one I bought a $5 wrist watch at a flea market. The
    department manager advised me I shouldn't leave a valuable watch by the monitor. At least a blue stick-on didn't look lile much.

    A friend bought a very early calculator for several hundred 1970s dollars.
    I must have pissed them all off but I have several calculators that were
    in the begging letters from various organizations in lieu of mittens or return address stickers. The must go for 10 cents in volume.

    Damn! Nobody sent me a calendar! I'm going to have to buy one. Or not.

    $ cal 1 2025
    January 2025
    Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
    1 2 3 4
    5 6 7 8 9 10 11
    12 13 14 15 16 17 18
    19 20 21 22 23 24 25
    26 27 28 29 30 31

    Still works!

    May I be the first to welcome you back to the start of last year, I hope
    you can bring peace to Ukraine & the Middle East (other projects to be announced after you've ticked those 2 off).

    --
    Bah, and indeed Humbug.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Nuno Silva@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 13:15:56 2026
    On 2026-01-02, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:

    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 02:53:45 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    In alt.folklore.computers Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    Well, for me AI is process (and its results) of trying to solve
    problems that we can not solve using known (at given time) methods
    and which seem to require inteligence.

    You don?t see crossing the P/NP divide as being a good indication of
    such a distinction?

    (Someone please correct me if I'm handling some concept less than
    optimally:)

    AFAIK: No, because that'd not be a characteristic of AI, but more likely ground-breaking findings that'd affect all of computer science?

    In short: I think you may be mistaking NP's definition for a way to
    reduce NP problems to P ones. - What you hint at seems to really be the definition of NP itself?

    A strategy which falls under the AI label (the one used for decades, not
    the one in the GenAI hype) may be able to handle NP problems quicker
    within certain likelihoods, that's not making them P, that's just
    getting to solutions "at random", that can then be *verified* in
    polynomial time.

    The problem itself would still remain in NP, even if such algorithms
    have practical applications.

    The ability to address such problems in that way may be a good
    description of at least some of these AI techniques, but I think saying
    they're "solved in polynomial time" is taking it too far. Also, doesn't
    AI also include other techniques which aren't focused on this, such as
    pattern identification in datasets?

    --
    Nuno Silva

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 14:34:43 2026
    On 2026-01-02 12:57, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 02/01/2026 11:54, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 06:27, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-02 11:59, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.



    Borland Pascal also had typecasting.

    BYTE(MyChar)

    ÿÿ Yep. TP was a slight 'super-set' of Wirth Pascal.
    ÿÿ Cleaned up a few lackings. Wirth, though practical,
    ÿÿ was still kind of an 'academic' and didn't always
    ÿÿ address typical real-world problems. Easy type-casts
    ÿÿ made things a LOT better.

    How did it handle pointers...?

    Example from the manual:

    Pointer variables can be typecast to procedural types, but not to method pointers.

    A typecast is an expression of the given type, which means the typecast
    can be followed by a qualifier:

    Type
    TWordRec = Packed Record
    L,H : Byte;
    end;

    Var
    P : Pointer;
    W : Word;
    S : String;

    begin
    TWordRec(W).L:=$FF;
    TWordRec(W).H:=0;
    S:=TObject(P).ClassName;

    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 14:38:09 2026
    On 2026-01-02 12:57, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 02/01/2026 11:54, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 06:27, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-02 11:59, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 01/01/2026 23:54, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.



    Borland Pascal also had typecasting.

    BYTE(MyChar)

    ÿÿ Yep. TP was a slight 'super-set' of Wirth Pascal.
    ÿÿ Cleaned up a few lackings. Wirth, though practical,
    ÿÿ was still kind of an 'academic' and didn't always
    ÿÿ address typical real-world problems. Easy type-casts
    ÿÿ made things a LOT better.

    How did it handle pointers...?


    I forgot to post the link: <https://www.freepascal.org/docs-html/ref/refse85.html>

    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 09:41:07 2026
    On 1/2/26 08:06, Kerr-Mudd, John wrote:
    On 2 Jan 2026 06:32:41 GMT
    rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Fri, 02 Jan 2026 02:18:42 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were
    incorporated into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with a
    clock in it.

    I used those little round stick-ons to keep track of project hours. When I >> couldn't find one I bought a $5 wrist watch at a flea market. The
    department manager advised me I shouldn't leave a valuable watch by the
    monitor. At least a blue stick-on didn't look lile much.

    A friend bought a very early calculator for several hundred 1970s dollars. >> I must have pissed them all off but I have several calculators that were
    in the begging letters from various organizations in lieu of mittens or
    return address stickers. The must go for 10 cents in volume.

    Damn! Nobody sent me a calendar! I'm going to have to buy one. Or not.

    $ cal 1 2025
    January 2025
    Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
    1 2 3 4
    5 6 7 8 9 10 11
    12 13 14 15 16 17 18
    19 20 21 22 23 24 25
    26 27 28 29 30 31

    Still works!

    May I be the first to welcome you back to the start of last year, I hope
    you can bring peace to Ukraine & the Middle East (other projects to be announced after you've ticked those 2 off).

    Hmmm ... this DOES seem to be a year-old theme ... maybe
    something stuck in his outbox ?

    I too bought a calculator way back then, but for $50 in
    70s money. It STILL WORKS. The more expensive TI programmable
    scientific I bought shortly after, the chikky keys crapped
    out in less than a year.

    I do remember the 'clock craze' ... as soon as the super
    cheap nano-power clock chips came out EVERYTHING seemed
    to have a digital clock built in.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 07:43:05 2026
    On 1/2/26 00:44, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/1/26 14:00, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 10:30:54 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    ÿ Kinda complex.

    ÿ "AI" is generally understood as an "electronic human",
    ÿ delivers very similar results. The exact MEANS is
    ÿ irrelevant.

    ÿ "Expert systems", kind of an 80's thing, were VERY
    ÿ limited - basically lots of if/then/else constructs.

    ÿ This WAS good enough for a lot of needs however,
    ÿ still IS.


    Where an Expert System shines is doing all the steps a human expert
    does, but not missing any.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 07:51:39 2026
    On 1/2/26 04:39, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 06:10, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    On 02/01/2026 02:18, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
    Similarly, politicians dream of re-arranging laws (and adding more,
    of course, never repealing) in pursuit of the dream that the right
    combination of legislation will result in Paradise.

    You really think that they do?

    In reality they would prefer to take the salary and the perks and do
    fuck all. The best ones.
    The worst ones are those with Big Beautiful Ideas.

    Most problems that haven't been solved already are not amenable to
    political interference anyway: the best thing is to give people the
    freedom to sort them, themselves.


    ÿ Famous case - O.J.Simpson ... found NOT guilty by a
    ÿ criminal court - but subsequently sued out of all
    ÿ his assets by a civil jury. We also see biz cases
    ÿ like for glyphosphate weed killer. STILL ads on
    ÿ the TV by legal firms out to exploit THAT. "Did
    ÿ you EVER use this ? Are you sick from ANYTHING ?
    ÿ Then we'll score a MILLION for you ! Just call ..."

    OJ was pretty obviously guilty.


    ÿ The only defense for biz is to delay, delay, delay.
    ÿ The lawyers make big $$$ in any case.


    Delay until the current execs retire with their loot, and leave
    shareholders holding the bag.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 10:06:17 2026
    On 1/2/26 09:43, Peter Flass wrote:
    On 1/2/26 00:44, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/1/26 14:00, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 10:30:54 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    ÿÿ Kinda complex.

    ÿÿ "AI" is generally understood as an "electronic human",
    ÿÿ delivers very similar results. The exact MEANS is
    ÿÿ irrelevant.

    ÿÿ "Expert systems", kind of an 80's thing, were VERY
    ÿÿ limited - basically lots of if/then/else constructs.

    ÿÿ This WAS good enough for a lot of needs however,
    ÿÿ still IS.


    Where an Expert System shines is doing all the steps a human expert
    does, but not missing any.


    Ah, you've been on a 'help' call to Bangalore too then :-)


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From John Ames@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 08:49:25 2026
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 10:59:55 +0000
    The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote:

    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.

    You do have to be careful with this as it's not guaranteed that the
    compiler won't take liberties in arranging members of a struct for
    optimization purposes, and any means to ensure that it doesn't are implementation-specific, so assumptions about casting a block of memory
    to one struct/array or another can lead to portability issues...

    ...but boy, is it handy in a pinch!


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Niklas Karlsson@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 17:41:34 2026
    On 2026-01-01, Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 10:30:54 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    "The question of whether a computer can think is no more interesting
    than the question of whether a submarine can swim." - Edsger Dijkstra

    Mr. Dijkstra had his issues, but I'd say he hit the nail on the head
    there.

    Niklas
    --
    The company keeps a helpdesk to allow staff to vent certain excess
    pressures by ranting, just as other excess pressures are vented thanks
    to the company installing toilets. Generally the toilets last longer.
    -- Anthony de Boer

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From John Levine@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 18:30:37 2026
    According to c186282 <c186282@nnada.net>:
    Considering early 'structured' langs like Algol/Pascal,
    USUALLY you can structure things to cope with any prob.
    However sometimes, well, 'perfect' structure for that
    may take WAY longer than you can afford to invest, so
    some 'cheats' may have to be introduced. CompSci people
    won't understand that reality.

    Hi, Comp Sci PhD here. We understand that just fine, although
    some of us try harder than others to match theory to reality.
    Algol60 had nice loops and nested scopes but it also had gotos.

    Comp Sci like any other field can be very trendy. When I was
    in school it was fashionable to say bad things about COBOL even
    though hardly anyone actually knew what COBOL was like. I found
    a compiler and wrote one small program to find out that yes it
    is wordy but it also had better data structuring than a lot of
    more fashionable languages.

    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
    Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 14:25:47 2026
    On 1/2/26 10:27, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    In alt.folklore.computers rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 10:30:54 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI? Theoretically so called expert
    system shells could do smart things, but examples I saw were essentially >>> a bunch of "if ... then ..." which could be written in almost any
    programming language. One example of samewhat succesful 'expert system' >>> is supposed to guide a user trough installing Unix. Description
    suggests that is is not smarter than modern Debian installer. And
    nobody thinks that Debian installer is AI.

    I never thought so. Like you I've looked at Lisp and Prolog and came away
    with the thought 'you *could* use that approach but why would you? It adds >> nothing to C but obfuscation.'

    You mean 'expert system' coded in Lisp or Prolog? Or just general
    coding in Lisp or Prolog? Concerning general coding IMO Prolog
    is great for backtracking search and a few similar problem, but
    not good for most of programs. On the other hand Lisp is quite
    capable general purpose language.

    I don't think they call it an expert system but Arch Linux has a very
    detailed description of installing the system. There is also a sketchily
    maintained script that automates much of the process although the 'I use
    Arch btw' crowd considers that cheating. Then there is EndeavourOS and a
    couple of others that act like Debian, Ubuntu, or other installers and
    install Arch, throwing in several useful tools.

    Then there was 'fuzzy logic' that had its day although you don't hear much >> about it lately. Perhaps it was overtaken by neural networks.

    I looked a bit at 'fuzzy logic'. But I did not see more in it than
    principle "if you do not know better, then use crude approximation".
    This principle is resonable, but I did not see any reason to prefer
    specific crude approximations advocated in various texts (with
    approximation varying depending on the text).

    During
    training of a NN in successive iterations you calculate the loss function
    until you reach a point where it's 'good enough'. That technology is
    interesting that while you can define and explain each mathematical
    operation what's going on in the total sum is cloudy.

    Fuzzy is good if you need to monitor three or four
    dynamic inputs and strike some balance between them.
    One or two, may as well use a more straight-up coding
    approach, more than four or five and the fuzzy gets
    kind of difficult to set up.

    NNs seem like overkill for a lot of little stuff.

    Both "have their place".

    Consider a typical problem ... you have a large-ish
    building and one big central AC/Heat unit. How do you
    do a fair job at making sure all the rooms are about
    the same temperature ? Actuated in-duct flow changers
    need to be part of the solution, temperature sensors
    in each room are part of the solution, turning on or
    off the HVAC system is part of the solution. Airflow
    also can't be too restricted, or free, through the
    HVAC system either ... ie you can't close off, or
    totally open, all the in-duct controllers ... so
    a flow meter or low-range pressure gauge is part of
    the solution.

    Sun comes up and the east side of the building gets
    too hot. Afternoon the west side gets too hot ...
    and regardless SOME dink is going to open a window
    in one of the rooms.

    Fuzzy CAN handle it, NNs CAN handle it. Which to use ?


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 19:38:30 2026
    On 02/01/2026 16:49, John Ames wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 10:59:55 +0000
    The Natural Philosopher <tnp@invalid.invalid> wrote:

    If you really needed 100 variant record in Turbo Pascal,
    then you needed 100 unions in C.

    No. You simply used *casting* .

    k=*(int *)(buffer +4) etc etc.

    You do have to be careful with this as it's not guaranteed that the
    compiler won't take liberties in arranging members of a struct for optimization purposes, and any means to ensure that it doesn't are implementation-specific, so assumptions about casting a block of memory
    to one struct/array or another can lead to portability issues...

    ...but boy, is it handy in a pinch!

    Indeed. Fortunately this was in the days before smart compilers.
    I think I had the DR 8086 C compiler to work with .


    --
    "Anyone who believes that the laws of physics are mere social
    conventions is invited to try transgressing those conventions from the
    windows of my apartment. (I live on the twenty-first floor.) "

    Alan Sokal


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 19:57:06 2026
    On 02/01/2026 19:36, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 13:06:34 +0000, Kerr-Mudd, John wrote:

    May I be the first to welcome you back to the start of last year, I hope
    you can bring peace to Ukraine & the Middle East (other projects to be
    announced after you've ticked those 2 off).

    Well, at least I wasn't writing a check... My ideas for peace in the Ukraine and the Middle East would be very unpopular.

    Probably with its inhabitants, yes.


    --
    ?There are two ways to be fooled. One is to believe what isn?t true; the
    other is to refuse to believe what is true.?

    ?Soren Kierkegaard


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 14:58:39 2026
    On 1/2/26 12:14, Ted Nolan <tednolan> wrote:
    In article <10j7qap$6ptq$1@dont-email.me>,
    Lawrence D˜Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:
    On 2 Jan 2026 06:01:53 GMT, Ted Nolan <tednolan> wrote:

    Turbo Pascal for CP/M-86 could access the graphics hardware on the
    DEC Rainbow. A niche to be sure, but one my CSCI graphics class did
    its projects in.

    Did it have its own custom drivers for direct hardware access? Or did
    it work through the ƒ??GSXƒ?? (GKS-superset) graphics library from Digital >> Research?

    At this remove, I have no idea. And I never understood all the math,
    so I was the guy in the team who wrote the CLI to interpret our
    made up command language instead of doing the projections or whatever..

    Foley & Van Dam ... "Fundamentals Of Interactive
    Computer Graphics".

    All the example code is in Pascal.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 19:58:48 2026
    On 02/01/2026 19:46, rbowman wrote:
    At least with a classifier it's easy to see a problem if it calls a Great Dane a horse but LLM fantasies tend to get accepted as facts.

    To a young child, if its got 4 legs and fur, its a 'doggie'.

    --
    ?There are two ways to be fooled. One is to believe what isn?t true; the
    other is to refuse to believe what is true.?

    ?Soren Kierkegaard


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 15:04:36 2026
    On 1/2/26 12:41, Niklas Karlsson wrote:
    On 2026-01-01, Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:
    On Thu, 1 Jan 2026 10:30:54 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    "The question of whether a computer can think is no more interesting
    than the question of whether a submarine can swim." - Edsger Dijkstra

    Mr. Dijkstra had his issues, but I'd say he hit the nail on the head
    there.

    Ummm ... not so sure anymore. LLMs *are* showing
    signs of "self" (and self-preservation) already.

    Intelligence/thinking/self ... the underlying engine
    is irrelevant - once you've got 'em you've got 'em.

    LLM/NN "thinking"/"self" won't be Just Like Ours - too
    many existential differences. It will be kind of
    "alien" instead. That might be good, might be bad.
    In any case we're going to find out SOON.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 15:15:53 2026
    On 1/2/26 13:30, John Levine wrote:
    According to c186282 <c186282@nnada.net>:
    Considering early 'structured' langs like Algol/Pascal,
    USUALLY you can structure things to cope with any prob.
    However sometimes, well, 'perfect' structure for that
    may take WAY longer than you can afford to invest, so
    some 'cheats' may have to be introduced. CompSci people
    won't understand that reality.

    Hi, Comp Sci PhD here. We understand that just fine, although
    some of us try harder than others to match theory to reality.
    Algol60 had nice loops and nested scopes but it also had gotos.

    Comp Sci like any other field can be very trendy. When I was
    in school it was fashionable to say bad things about COBOL even
    though hardly anyone actually knew what COBOL was like. I found
    a compiler and wrote one small program to find out that yes it
    is wordy but it also had better data structuring than a lot of
    more fashionable languages.

    I *like* to make 'perfect' structuring that will
    handle anything, but at times there was time pressure
    to "make it work" and I could not spend days/weeks
    trying to get it 'just perfect'.

    Sometimes coming BACK to it in a month or two will
    yield sudden inspiration however ... I think the
    annoying problem hides in the back of the mind
    for a long time and gets at least some 'cpu cycles'
    even if you don't realize.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 15:18:33 2026
    On 1/2/26 14:29, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 02:40:13 -0500, c186282 wrote:


    Pascal was not a 'theoretical' lang ... Prof Nick actually meant it
    to WORK in the real world.

    I disagree with that. Wirth was mostly concerned with constructing
    didactic languages. The joke about the original implementatino was it is a good language for telling itself secrets since there is no i/o.

    Must have been a damned early version.

    Old ALGOL had no I/O however. Didn't show up
    until what, '68 ?

    Students learned it and extended it when they had to use it in the real world. Lisp has a similar history. Common Lisp and its descendants violate the purity of the Lisp concept but get things done.

    "There's nothing pure in this world ..."


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 15:26:10 2026
    On 1/2/26 14:46, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 11:13:59 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 02/01/2026 04:35, c186282 wrote:
    NNs are 'different'. Not 'expert', not 'fuzzy', not LLM.
    ÿ A little closer to how biological brains work. The bitch has been
    ÿ finding suitable elements that can be compactly put on chips.
    ÿ They're getting better at that. Maybe 10 years and decently good
    ÿ 'AI' will fit INSIDE a bot instead of a 20 acre gigawatt data
    ÿ center.

    Yes. They are ultimately pattern recognition engines.

    Trouble with those is you have to get the gain right, I cant remember
    what happened to that software you fed images too and it turned them
    into eyes, and dogs where there used to be plants. Because it tried too
    hard.

    Great fun

    The 'hello world' of image recognition is classify dogs and cats. There is
    a very large dataset of cat and dog images to work with.

    One of the early problems was the dogs tended to be photographed outside
    and the cats inside. After training the model was very good in classifying furry animals in an outside setting versus those inside.

    Speaking in an anthropomorphic way classifiers can have acceptable
    behavior but you're never too sure exactly what they're 'thinking'. There
    is a whole field of research trying to figure out what the hell goes on in the black box.

    At least with a classifier it's easy to see a problem if it calls a Great Dane a horse but LLM fantasies tend to get accepted as facts.

    I remember that utility he was talking about ... I think
    it was a Google software project. SOME wag made a movie of
    himself at a supermarket and then ran the frames through
    utility, about a 5-minute film. VERY bizarre !!!

    The lower you made the "Ah HA !" threshold the weirder
    the images. I think LSD does something like that both
    visually and in terms of 'thinking'.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From John Levine@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 20:34:55 2026
    According to c186282 <c186282@nnada.net>:
    I *like* to make 'perfect' structuring that will
    handle anything, but at times there was time pressure
    to "make it work" and I could not spend days/weeks
    trying to get it 'just perfect'.

    Sometimes coming BACK to it in a month or two will
    yield sudden inspiration however ... I think the
    annoying problem hides in the back of the mind
    for a long time and gets at least some 'cpu cycles'
    even if you don't realize.

    Yes indeed. Some of my most productive programming days
    ended up with fewer lines of code than I started with, but it
    was faster and had fewer bugs.


    --
    Regards,
    John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies",
    Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail. https://jl.ly

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 21:47:01 2026
    On 2026-01-02 03:18, Charlie Gibbs wrote:
    On 2026-01-01, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Thu, 01 Jan 2026 19:12:29 +0000, Richard Kettlewell wrote:
    Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> writes:

    Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    But are 'expert systems' really AI?

    What is really ?AI?? At one point, the argument was over whether
    computers could ?think?. Then you had to define ?thinking?, and
    somebody tried to settle the question by saing: ?thinking is what
    computers cannot do?.

    The only succinct definition of ?AI? I ever saw was: ?solving NP
    problems in polynomial time?.

    It was always rather flexible. Currently it?s a label you put on things
    to attract venture capital or other forms of finance.

    Best definition yet. It's already started with the 'smart' phone but I'm
    waiting for the marketers of consumer goods to tack AI onto frying pans
    and everything else.

    "If it can done, it should be done." That's one of a collection of sayings that someday I'll compile into an essay titled "Memes that Will Destroy the World".

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were incorporated into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with a clock in it.

    Yes! I had one. Useless thing, though. Not good as a ballpen, it wasn't.


    It wasn't very smart but it was sad to see Roomba go under. If nothing
    else it was good for terrorizing cats.

    I won't ever have a smart speaker, and I'll be damned if I'm going
    to have a vacuum cleaner that cases the joint and reports back to
    the mother ship. Besides, I have better ways to entertain the cats.

    I like the idea of a robot that actually cleans the house.

    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 20:56:44 2026
    On 2 Jan 2026 17:41:34 GMT, Niklas Karlsson wrote:

    "The question of whether a computer can think is no more interesting
    than the question of whether a submarine can swim." - Edsger Dijkstra

    Mr. Dijkstra had his issues, but I'd say he hit the nail on the head
    there.

    Sometimes I think he managed to make a career out of trolling ...

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 21:33:16 2026
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 08:49:25 -0800, John Ames wrote:

    ... it's not guaranteed that the compiler won't take liberties in
    arranging members of a struct for optimization purposes ...

    The C23 spec (section 6.2.5, ?Types?) does say the member objects of a
    struct type need to be ?sequentially allocated?. The only freedom the
    compiler has (section 6.2.6) is to add ?padding bytes?.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 14:51:11 2026
    On 1/2/26 13:18, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/2/26 14:29, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 02:40:13 -0500, c186282 wrote:


    ÿÿÿ Pascal was not a 'theoretical' lang ... Prof Nick actually meant it
    ÿÿÿ to WORK in the real world.

    I disagree with that. Wirth was mostly concerned with constructing
    didactic languages. The joke about the original implementatino was it
    is a
    good language for telling itself secrets since there is no i/o.

    ÿ Must have been a damned early version.

    ÿ Old ALGOL had no I/O however. Didn't show up
    ÿ until what, '68 ?

    58 if you count Burroughs.




    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 15:00:07 2026
    On 1/2/26 14:33, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 08:49:25 -0800, John Ames wrote:

    ... it's not guaranteed that the compiler won't take liberties in
    arranging members of a struct for optimization purposes ...

    The C23 spec (section 6.2.5, ?Types?) does say the member objects of a
    struct type need to be ?sequentially allocated?. The only freedom the compiler has (section 6.2.6) is to add ?padding bytes?.

    It defeats the purpose of a structure if the compiler is free to
    rearrange it. Local variables (PL/I AUTOMATIC) can, in most languages,
    be stored however the compiler wants.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lars Poulsen@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 22:50:30 2026
    On 1/2/26 13:18, c186282 wrote:
    ÿ Old ALGOL had no I/O however. Didn't show up
    ÿ until what, '68 ?

    On 2026-01-02, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:
    58 if you count Burroughs.

    For me, "old Algol" means Algol-60 as opposed to Algol-68.
    So how could Burroughs have it in '58?

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 19:47:39 2026
    On 1/2/26 15:50, Lars Poulsen wrote:
    On 1/2/26 13:18, c186282 wrote:
    ÿ Old ALGOL had no I/O however. Didn't show up
    ÿ until what, '68 ?

    On 2026-01-02, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:
    58 if you count Burroughs.

    For me, "old Algol" means Algol-60 as opposed to Algol-68.
    So how could Burroughs have it in '58?

    I guess it was the Burroughs 220 that had Algol-58 (https://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/B5000-AlgolRWaychoff.html#19). By the
    time they got to the B5000 they used Algol-60.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Fri Jan 2 19:51:17 2026
    On 1/2/26 17:52, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 15:00:07 -0700, Peter Flass wrote:

    On 1/2/26 14:33, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 08:49:25 -0800, John Ames wrote:

    ... it's not guaranteed that the compiler won't take liberties in
    arranging members of a struct for optimization purposes ...

    The C23 spec (section 6.2.5, ?Types?) does say the member objects of a
    struct type need to be ?sequentially allocated?. The only freedom the
    compiler has (section 6.2.6) is to add ?padding bytes?.

    It defeats the purpose of a structure if the compiler is free to
    rearrange it. Local variables (PL/I AUTOMATIC) can, in most languages,
    be stored however the compiler wants.

    That can lead to interesting bugs. The root cause is overflowing a local variable, say writing 6 characters to a char[4]. Which adjacent local variable gets whacked depends on the compiler's ordering. Whether it manifests as a bug depends on how the corrupt variable is used in the function and where it is initialized.


    Indeed. A few times I suspected this I put a character string before and
    after where I suspected the problem was, and did lots of checking to
    find out where it was being clobbered.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 03:15:55 2026
    On Sat, 3 Jan 2026 02:12:37 -0000 (UTC), Waldek Hebisch wrote:

    Lisp has garbage collection, so no need to manualy free memory.
    Which means that you can build new things at any time without risk
    of leaking memory.

    It reduces the risk, it doesn?t make it disappear completely.

    But it was noticed that Lisp sources can be transformed under
    program control and such transformations are easy because the Lisp
    source has the same form as Lisp data. Anyway, this capability is
    frequently used and support for it is main reason to keep
    parenthesised notation.

    This is called ?homoiconicity?. It leads to nice properties like macro processing and an EVAL function that behave in useful, powerful ways,
    with a minimum of surprises such as you get with the C/C++
    preprocessor.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 06:09:32 2026
    On 2026-01-03, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:

    On 1/2/26 17:52, rbowman wrote:

    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 15:00:07 -0700, Peter Flass wrote:

    On 1/2/26 14:33, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:

    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 08:49:25 -0800, John Ames wrote:

    ... it's not guaranteed that the compiler won't take liberties in
    arranging members of a struct for optimization purposes ...

    The C23 spec (section 6.2.5, ?Types?) does say the member objects of a >>>> struct type need to be ?sequentially allocated?. The only freedom the
    compiler has (section 6.2.6) is to add ?padding bytes?.

    It defeats the purpose of a structure if the compiler is free to
    rearrange it. Local variables (PL/I AUTOMATIC) can, in most languages,
    be stored however the compiler wants.

    That can lead to interesting bugs. The root cause is overflowing a local
    variable, say writing 6 characters to a char[4]. Which adjacent local
    variable gets whacked depends on the compiler's ordering. Whether it
    manifests as a bug depends on how the corrupt variable is used in the
    function and where it is initialized.

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding. If that char[4]
    variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to
    8 bytes to it and not feel a thing. Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom. I've lost a lot of hair with those ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    Indeed. A few times I suspected this I put a character string before and after where I suspected the problem was, and did lots of checking to
    find out where it was being clobbered.

    That's a desperation measure that I use from time to time too.

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Ian@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 08:01:00 2026
    On 2026-01-02, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:

    Ummm ... not so sure anymore. LLMs *are* showing
    signs of "self" (and self-preservation) already.

    No, they're not. Some hypemongers may be pretending they are,
    and random garbage can sometimes seem like "intelligence" in
    a very small sample, but LLMs do nothing more than regurgitate
    their training data in somewhat unpredictable ways. Anyone
    claiming otherwise is a fool or a fraudster.

    "AI turned off my computer when I tried to delete it" type
    stories are pure bullshit.

    --
    Ian

    "Tamahome!!!" - "Miaka!!!"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 08:34:22 2026
    On 03/01/2026 01:03, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 19:58:48 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 02/01/2026 19:46, rbowman wrote:
    At least with a classifier it's easy to see a problem if it calls a
    Great Dane a horse but LLM fantasies tend to get accepted as facts.

    To a young child, if its got 4 legs and fur, its a 'doggie'.

    To an even younger child it's close to a Ding an sich. 'Doggie' already is
    a departure from immediate reality. Mommy intrudes and says 'No it is a
    cat.' Later Mommy adds the concept of 'two cats' and we're off to the
    races. Eventually the kid gets a PhD in math and lives in a completely abstract world unable to make a pot of coffee.

    Oh, you met him?

    --
    Canada is all right really, though not for the whole weekend.

    "Saki"


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 08:36:28 2026
    On 03/01/2026 01:07, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 19:57:06 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 02/01/2026 19:36, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 13:06:34 +0000, Kerr-Mudd, John wrote:

    May I be the first to welcome you back to the start of last year, I
    hope you can bring peace to Ukraine & the Middle East (other projects
    to be announced after you've ticked those 2 off).

    Well, at least I wasn't writing a check... My ideas for peace in the
    Ukraine and the Middle East would be very unpopular.

    Probably with its inhabitants, yes.

    My real solution would be sort of a holmgang. Let them sort their shit out with no outside interference. May the best Slovak or Semite win.

    Sadly that's what we said about Hitler, too. And Japan and China.
    In both cases that led to their supposition that we were too weak and spineless to stop them taking over us...

    And we had to convince them otherwise.

    --
    Canada is all right really, though not for the whole weekend.

    "Saki"


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 10:54:02 2026
    On 03/01/2026 08:50, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    Well, in case Ukraine part of it is deciding what is inside and what
    is outside. And if you say that inside is within borders of
    Ukraine, then essentialy you say that Russia should stop messing
    in Ukrainian matters. Good luck convincing Russia to do so.

    Exactly.

    Anyway Trump has essentially abrogated the USA's r“le in European affairs.
    He's said its down to Europe, so Europe will sort it.

    Now we know USA will not even fulfil NATO obligations there is no reason
    to buy any US weapons ever again.

    Or indeed US products. Given the tariff situation..

    Donald wants isolation - he can have it.

    So get out of Iran, Venezuela, stop messing with Greenland and Canada
    and go back to Mar-a-lago and STFU.


    --
    ?It is hard to imagine a more stupid decision or more dangerous way of
    making decisions than by putting those decisions in the hands of people
    who pay no price for being wrong.?

    Thomas Sowell


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Chris Ahlstrom@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 07:11:19 2026
    rbowman wrote this post by blinking in Morse code:

    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 15:15:53 -0500, c186282 wrote:

    I *like* to make 'perfect' structuring that will handle anything, but
    at times there was time pressure to "make it work" and I could not
    spend days/weeks trying to get it 'just perfect'.

    We had a couple of programmers who tried to handle all possible eventualities. Typically the eventualities never evidenced or whatever the theoretical future does, leaving a very complex piece of code to do the
    task at hand.

    Solve tomorrow's problems tomorrow.

    1 Thou shalt run lint frequently and study its pronouncements with
    care, for verily its perception and judgement oft exceed thine.

    2 Thou shalt not follow the NULL pointer, for chaos and madness
    await thee at its end.

    3 Thou shalt cast all function arguments to the expected type if
    they are not of that type already, even when thou art
    convinced that this is unnecessary, lest they take cruel
    vengeance upon thee when thou least expect it.

    4 If thy header files fail to declare the return types of thy
    library functions, thou shalt declare them thyself with the
    most meticulous care, lest grievous harm befall thy program.

    5 Thou shalt check the array bounds of all strings (indeed, all
    arrays), for surely where thou typest ??foo?? someone
    someday shall type ??supercalifragilisticexpialidocious??.

    6 If a function be advertised to return an error code in the event
    of difficulties, thou shalt check for that code, yea, even
    though the checks triple the size of thy code and produce
    aches in thy typing fingers, for if thou thinkest ??it
    cannot happen to me??, the gods shall surely punish thee for
    thy arrogance.

    7 Thou shalt study thy libraries and strive not to re-invent them
    without cause, that thy code may be short and readable and
    thy days pleasant and productive.

    8 Thou shalt make thy program?s purpose and structure clear to thy
    fellow man by using the One True Brace Style, even if thou
    likest it not, for thy creativity is better used in solving
    problems than in creating beautiful new impediments to
    understanding.

    9 Thy external identifiers shall be unique in the first six
    characters, though this harsh discipline be irksome and the
    years of its necessity stretch before thee seemingly without
    end, lest thou tear thy hair out and go mad on that fateful
    day when thou desirest to make thy program run on an old
    system.

    10 Thou shalt foreswear, renounce, and abjure the vile heresy
    which claimeth that ??All the world?s a VAX??, and have no
    commerce with the benighted heathens who cling to this
    barbarous belief, that the days of thy program may be long
    even though the days of thy current machine be short.

    --
    But I always fired into the nearest hill or, failing that, into blackness.
    I meant no harm; I just liked the explosions. And I was careful never to
    kill more than I could eat.
    -- Raoul Duke

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 14:24:42 2026
    On 2026-01-03 01:27, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 21:47:01 +0100, Carlos E.R. wrote:


    I like the idea of a robot that actually cleans the house.

    https://petkit.com/products/purobot-ultra

    :-D


    I wonder how many people buy one of these? I think the cat's response
    would be "WTF? I ain't going in there."


    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 07:39:32 2026
    On 1/3/26 01:50, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    In alt.folklore.computers rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 19:57:06 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 02/01/2026 19:36, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 13:06:34 +0000, Kerr-Mudd, John wrote:

    May I be the first to welcome you back to the start of last year, I
    hope you can bring peace to Ukraine & the Middle East (other projects >>>>> to be announced after you've ticked those 2 off).

    Well, at least I wasn't writing a check... My ideas for peace in the >>>> Ukraine and the Middle East would be very unpopular.

    Probably with its inhabitants, yes.

    My real solution would be sort of a holmgang. Let them sort their shit out >> with no outside interference. May the best Slovak or Semite win.

    Well, in case Ukraine part of it is deciding what is inside and what
    is outside. And if you say that inside is within borders of
    Ukraine, then essentialy you say that Russia should stop messing
    in Ukrainian matters. Good luck convincing Russia to do so.


    We could have convinced them week one, except Biden was too spineless.
    When the Russian invasion was pending we pulled all our people out. I
    felt that we should have put more people in - not military forces per
    se, but "advisors" and "trainers" imbedded with Ukrainian troops at the
    front lines. A Russian invasion would have had to push past our
    non-combatants to get anywhere, at which point we could have said "pull
    back now or suffer the consequences. Make sure none of our people are
    harmed"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Scott Lurndal@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 18:34:42 2026
    rbowman <bowman@montana.com> writes:
    On Fri, 02 Jan 2026 02:18:42 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    Back when electronics became cheap, remember how clocks were
    incorporated into just about everything? I had a ball-point pen with a
    clock in it.

    I used those little round stick-ons to keep track of project hours. When I >couldn't find one I bought a $5 wrist watch at a flea market. The
    department manager advised me I shouldn't leave a valuable watch by the >monitor. At least a blue stick-on didn't look lile much.

    A friend bought a very early calculator for several hundred 1970s dollars.
    I must have pissed them all off but I have several calculators that were
    in the begging letters from various organizations in lieu of mittens or >return address stickers. The must go for 10 cents in volume.

    Damn! Nobody sent me a calendar! I'm going to have to buy one. Or not.

    $ cal 1 2025
    January 2025
    Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
    1 2 3 4
    5 6 7 8 9 10 11
    12 13 14 15 16 17 18
    19 20 21 22 23 24 25
    26 27 28 29 30 31

    Still works!

    And if you want a printed calendar,

    https://www.freshports.org/print/pscal/

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 14:08:47 2026
    On 1/3/26 08:24, Carlos E.R. wrote:
    On 2026-01-03 01:27, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 21:47:01 +0100, Carlos E.R. wrote:


    I like the idea of a robot that actually cleans the house.

    https://petkit.com/products/purobot-ultra

    :-D


    I wonder how many people buy one of these? I think the cat's response
    would be "WTF? I ain't going in there."


    There was one variant of those recalled - they were
    not good at telling when the cat LEFT the thing and
    then started agitating .....


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 14:22:37 2026
    On 1/3/26 09:39, Peter Flass wrote:
    On 1/3/26 01:50, Waldek Hebisch wrote:
    In alt.folklore.computers rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 19:57:06 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 02/01/2026 19:36, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 13:06:34 +0000, Kerr-Mudd, John wrote:

    May I be the first to welcome you back to the start of last year, I >>>>>> hope you can bring peace to Ukraine & the Middle East (other projects >>>>>> to be announced after you've ticked those 2 off).

    Well, at least I wasn't writing a check...ÿÿ My ideas for peace in the >>>>> Ukraine and the Middle East would be very unpopular.

    Probably with its inhabitants, yes.

    My real solution would be sort of a holmgang. Let them sort their
    shit out
    with no outside interference. May the best Slovak or Semite win.

    Well, in case Ukraine part of it is deciding what is inside and what
    is outside.ÿ And if you say that inside is within borders of
    Ukraine, then essentialy you say that Russia should stop messing
    in Ukrainian matters.ÿ Good luck convincing Russia to do so.


    We could have convinced them week one, except Biden was too spineless.
    When the Russian invasion was pending we pulled all our people out. I
    felt that we should have put more people in - not military forces per
    se, but "advisors" and "trainers" imbedded with Ukrainian troops at the front lines. A Russian invasion would have had to push past our non- combatants to get anywhere, at which point we could have said "pull back
    now or suffer the consequences. Make sure none of our people are harmed"


    If you want to start a war, and seem innocent, that's
    how you do it - embed some 'sacrificial lambs' in with
    yer favored side. It's their JOB to be killed by the
    enemy.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 16:58:25 2026
    On 1/3/26 15:38, rbowman wrote:
    On Sat, 03 Jan 2026 06:09:32 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding. If that char[4]
    variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to 8
    bytes to it and not feel a thing. Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom. I've lost a lot of hair with those
    ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    I have fixed bugs that were old enough to vote. Like the organisms in the permafrost in the plot lines of 'The Last ship' and 'Fortitude' they lay there in wait...

    30 years ago programmers were very stingy with allocations.

    Wasn't much to allocate .... :-)


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lars Poulsen@3:633/10 to All on Sat Jan 3 23:28:09 2026
    On 03/01/2026 01:03, rbowman wrote:
    To an even younger child it's close to a Ding an sich. 'Doggie' already
    is a departure from immediate reality. Mommy intrudes and says 'No it
    is a cat.' Later Mommy adds the concept of 'two cats' and we're off to
    the races. Eventually the kid gets a PhD in math and lives in a
    completely abstract world unable to make a pot of coffee.

    On Sat, 3 Jan 2026 08:34:22 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:
    Oh, you met him?

    On 2026-01-03, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:
    Several times. A PhD friend of mine was in a minor car accident. He
    admitted he was thinking of something rather than staying on his side of
    the road. Despite the degree being in electronics I watched him short out
    a car battery with a piece of 14 gauge wire. I'm sure he could have done a complete circuit analysis of why it vaporized.

    The husband of one of my ex-wife's coworkers usually had a book open on
    the steering wheel as he was driving around town by himself. His wife
    (who was our company's head accountant) complained about some of the
    software engineers forgetting to cash their paychecks for up to 6
    months at a time. I was never anywhere that flush with cash, and
    periodically did a home equity loan or a refinance to get cash out to
    pay off the credit cards.

    --
    Lars Poulsen - an old geek in Santa Barbara, California

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Chris Ahlstrom@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 06:45:44 2026
    rbowman wrote this post by blinking in Morse code:

    On Sat, 3 Jan 2026 07:11:19 -0500, Chris Ahlstrom wrote:

    3 Thou shalt cast all function arguments to the expected type if
    they are not of that type already, even when thou art convinced
    that this is unnecessary, lest they take cruel vengeance upon thee
    when thou least expect it.

    Corollary: thou shalt be sparing in thy use of const lest future
    generations curse thy name.

    const can be annoying, but it forces one to *think*, which, as you
    hint, can cause cursing.

    :-D

    --
    The truth is not free. It's that simple. If you change the truth, it is no longer true - so the truth is not free!
    -- Jules Bean about freeness of documentation

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Chris Ahlstrom@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 07:14:54 2026
    rbowman wrote this post by blinking in Morse code:

    On Sat, 03 Jan 2026 06:09:32 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding. If that char[4]
    variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to 8
    bytes to it and not feel a thing. Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom. I've lost a lot of hair with those
    ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    I have fixed bugs that were old enough to vote. Like the organisms in the permafrost in the plot lines of 'The Last ship' and 'Fortitude' they lay there in wait...

    30 years ago programmers were very stingy with allocations.

    I've found bugs in my own code that went unnoticed for years.

    That's one good thing about refactoring or revisiting old code for
    no reason.

    --
    "Hiro has two loves, baseball and porn, but due to an elbow injury he
    gives up baseball...."
    -- AniDB description of _H2_, with selective quoting applied.
    http://anidb.info/perl-bin/animedb.pl?show=anime&aid=352

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Stéphane CARPENTIER@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 14:17:42 2026
    Le 31-12-2025, Lars Poulsen <lars@beagle-ears.com> a ‚critÿ:
    On 2025-12-31, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    Can't wait to see what the AIs are cranking out in
    a few years ... 29 levels all bunched together into
    one gigantic line ? :-)

    Shades of APL.

    Except that, with APL, from what I can remember, the lines weren't
    gigantic. We were able to do pretty impressive stuff with only short
    lines. Well, I'm not speaking about the comments needed to explain the
    short line...

    --
    Si vous avez du temps … perdre :
    https://scarpet42.gitlab.io

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Carlos E.R.@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 15:19:10 2026
    On 2026-01-03 21:54, rbowman wrote:
    On Sat, 3 Jan 2026 08:34:22 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 03/01/2026 01:03, rbowman wrote:
    On Fri, 2 Jan 2026 19:58:48 +0000, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    On 02/01/2026 19:46, rbowman wrote:
    At least with a classifier it's easy to see a problem if it calls a
    Great Dane a horse but LLM fantasies tend to get accepted as facts.

    To a young child, if its got 4 legs and fur, its a 'doggie'.

    To an even younger child it's close to a Ding an sich. 'Doggie' already
    is a departure from immediate reality. Mommy intrudes and says 'No it
    is a cat.' Later Mommy adds the concept of 'two cats' and we're off to
    the races. Eventually the kid gets a PhD in math and lives in a
    completely abstract world unable to make a pot of coffee.

    Oh, you met him?

    Several times. A PhD friend of mine was in a minor car accident. He
    admitted he was thinking of something rather than staying on his side of
    the road. Despite the degree being in electronics I watched him short out
    a car battery with a piece of 14 gauge wire. I'm sure he could have done a complete circuit analysis of why it vaporized.

    ROTFL! :-D

    --
    Cheers, Carlos.
    ES??, EU??;

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Chris Ahlstrom@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 09:48:02 2026
    St‚phane CARPENTIER wrote this post by blinking in Morse code:

    Le 31-12-2025, Lars Poulsen <lars@beagle-ears.com> a ‚critÿ:
    On 2025-12-31, c186282 <c186282@nnada.net> wrote:
    Can't wait to see what the AIs are cranking out in
    a few years ... 29 levels all bunched together into
    one gigantic line ? :-)

    Shades of APL.

    Except that, with APL, from what I can remember, the lines weren't
    gigantic. We were able to do pretty impressive stuff with only short
    lines. Well, I'm not speaking about the comments needed to explain the
    short line...

    There are 3 things a man must do before his life is done/
    Write 2 lines in APL and make the buggers run.
    -- Stan Kelly-Bootle "The Devil's DP Dictionary"

    --
    My own life has been spent chronicling the rise and fall of human systems,
    and I am convinced that we are terribly vulnerable. ... We should be reluctant to turn back upon the frontier of this epoch. Space is indifferent
    to what we do; it has no feeling, no design, no interest in whether or not
    we grapple with it. But we cannot be indifferent to space, because the grand, slow march of intelligence has brought us, in our generation, to a point
    from which we can explore and understand and utilize it. To turn back now
    would be to deny our history, our capabilities.
    -- James A. Michener

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 07:57:47 2026
    On 1/3/26 13:14, rbowman wrote:
    On Sat, 3 Jan 2026 07:39:32 -0700, Peter Flass wrote:

    We could have convinced them week one, except Biden was too spineless.
    When the Russian invasion was pending we pulled all our people out. I
    felt that we should have put more people in - not military forces per
    se, but "advisors" and "trainers" imbedded with Ukrainian troops at the
    front lines.

    That worked so swell in Vietnam.

    Entirely different scenario. In Ukraine the Russians are the invaders
    and are loathed by most of the population.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 07:59:28 2026
    On 1/3/26 13:38, rbowman wrote:
    On Sat, 03 Jan 2026 06:09:32 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding. If that char[4]
    variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to 8
    bytes to it and not feel a thing. Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom. I've lost a lot of hair with those
    ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    I have fixed bugs that were old enough to vote. Like the organisms in the permafrost in the plot lines of 'The Last ship' and 'Fortitude' they lay there in wait...

    30 years ago programmers were very stingy with allocations.

    I look at some code and wonder "how the heck has this ever worked?", but
    the answer is that no one ever hit that combination of things before, or
    used that option.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Peter Flass@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 08:01:31 2026
    On 1/3/26 14:58, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/3/26 15:38, rbowman wrote:
    On Sat, 03 Jan 2026 06:09:32 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding.ÿ If that char[4]
    variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to 8
    bytes to it and not feel a thing.ÿ Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom.ÿ I've lost a lot of hair with those
    ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    I have fixed bugs that were old enough to vote. Like the organisms in the
    permafrost in the plot lines of 'The Last ship' and 'Fortitude' they lay
    there in wait...

    30 years ago programmers were very stingy with allocations.

    ÿ Wasn't much to allocate ....ÿ :-)


    What is this "allocate" thing. When I started the major languages were
    COBOL and FORTRAN, and both used only static memory allocation.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Niklas Karlsson@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 16:31:23 2026
    On 2026-01-04, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:

    I look at some code and wonder "how the heck has this ever worked?", but
    the answer is that no one ever hit that combination of things before, or used that option.

    That's certainly the sensible explanation, but I've had scenarios like
    that, even with my own code from the past, where I could swear up and
    down that I myself had successfully used that code in the exact scenario
    that would obviously break.

    Niklas
    --
    Unfortunately, users are in `unstable' so shouldn't be installed in a production system.
    -- David Richerby

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 19:41:12 2026
    On 2026-01-04, Niklas Karlsson <nikke.karlsson@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 2026-01-04, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:

    I look at some code and wonder "how the heck has this ever worked?", but
    the answer is that no one ever hit that combination of things before, or
    used that option.

    That's certainly the sensible explanation, but I've had scenarios like
    that, even with my own code from the past, where I could swear up and
    down that I myself had successfully used that code in the exact scenario
    that would obviously break.

    Yup. Sounds like a Schrodinbug. It should have never worked,
    but it does until you look at it - and then it never works again.

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Niklas Karlsson@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 20:05:14 2026
    On 2026-01-04, Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> wrote:
    On 2026-01-04, Niklas Karlsson <nikke.karlsson@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 2026-01-04, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:

    I look at some code and wonder "how the heck has this ever worked?", but >>> the answer is that no one ever hit that combination of things before, or >>> used that option.

    That's certainly the sensible explanation, but I've had scenarios like
    that, even with my own code from the past, where I could swear up and
    down that I myself had successfully used that code in the exact scenario
    that would obviously break.

    Yup. Sounds like a Schrodinbug. It should have never worked,
    but it does until you look at it - and then it never works again.

    Precisely.

    Niklas
    --
    "As someone noted, the US government is basically a highly-armed insurance company."
    -- Robert Uhl

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Natural Philosopher@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 20:25:26 2026
    On 04/01/2026 12:14, Chris Ahlstrom wrote:
    rbowman wrote this post by blinking in Morse code:

    On Sat, 03 Jan 2026 06:09:32 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding. If that char[4]
    variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to 8
    bytes to it and not feel a thing. Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom. I've lost a lot of hair with those
    ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    I have fixed bugs that were old enough to vote. Like the organisms in the
    permafrost in the plot lines of 'The Last ship' and 'Fortitude' they lay
    there in wait...

    30 years ago programmers were very stingy with allocations.

    I've found bugs in my own code that went unnoticed for years.

    I once laid out a pcb that went into production for over a year until
    one faulty module made me realise I had an FET input buffer wired up
    backwards so it did precisely nothing.

    That's one good thing about refactoring or revisiting old code for
    no reason.


    --
    Of what good are dead warriors? ? Warriors are those who desire battle
    more than peace. Those who seek battle despite peace. Those who thump
    their spears on the ground and talk of honor. Those who leap high the
    battle dance and dream of glory ? The good of dead warriors, Mother, is
    that they are dead.
    Sheri S Tepper: The Awakeners.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 21:14:47 2026
    On 04 Jan 2026 14:17:42 GMT, St‚phane CARPENTIER wrote:

    Except that, with APL, from what I can remember, the lines weren't
    gigantic. We were able to do pretty impressive stuff with only short
    lines. Well, I'm not speaking about the comments needed to explain
    the short line...

    I tend to prefer writing long functional constructs rather than break
    things up into separate procedural statements, e.g. in Python

    sys.stderr.write \
    (
    "change hours entry id %(entry_id)s\n"
    " from date/time %(old_from_date)s %(old_from_time)s..%(old_to_time)s to"
    " %(new_from_date)s %(new_fields)s\n"
    %
    {
    "entry_id" : entry["entry_id"],
    "old_from_date" : format_local_date_part(entry["from_time"], False),
    "old_from_time" : format_local_time_part(entry["from_time"], False),
    "old_to_time" : format_local_time_part(entry["to_time"], True),
    "new_from_date" :
    format_local_date_part(new_fields.get("from_time", start_time), False),
    "new_fields" : ", ".join
    (
    "%(field)s: %(old)s => %(new)s"
    %
    {
    "field" : field,
    "old" : format(entry[field]),
    "new" : format(new_fields[field]),
    }
    for field in new_fields.keys()
    for format in
    ({
    "from_time" : lambda t : format_local_time_part(t, False),
    "to_time" : lambda t : format_local_time_part(t, True),
    }.get(field, repr),)
    ),
    }
    )

    (What?s this? A posting relevant to the subject line??)

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From c186282@3:633/10 to All on Sun Jan 4 16:25:06 2026
    On 1/4/26 10:01, Peter Flass wrote:
    On 1/3/26 14:58, c186282 wrote:
    On 1/3/26 15:38, rbowman wrote:
    On Sat, 03 Jan 2026 06:09:32 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    And whether the variable is followed by some padding.ÿ If that char[4] >>>> variable is followed by, say, 4 bytes of padding, you can write up to 8 >>>> bytes to it and not feel a thing.ÿ Then comes the day when you try to
    write 9 bytes there and kaboom.ÿ I've lost a lot of hair with those
    ones,
    when a program that's run fine for a couple of years suddenly dies.

    I have fixed bugs that were old enough to vote. Like the organisms in
    the
    permafrost in the plot lines of 'The Last ship' and 'Fortitude' they lay >>> there in wait...

    30 years ago programmers were very stingy with allocations.

    ÿÿ Wasn't much to allocate ....ÿ :-)


    What is this "allocate" thing. When I started the major languages were
    COBOL and FORTRAN, and both used only static memory allocation.

    I guess most langs use "static allocation" - though
    sometimes it's 'auto' like declaring an int or fixed
    int array in 'C'. Now you can usually RE-allocate
    in code as needed. Things like Python can kind of
    hide stuff ... appending a list will re-allocate
    the space provided but YOU don't really see it.

    Anyway, look into micro-controllers ... often VERY
    little RAM. You have to be VERY stingy and clever.
    "Think I'll make a 2K buffer just in case ..." the
    thing might not HAVE 2K of memory. If programming
    in ASM then YOU have to do the nuts and bolts of
    re-allocating space IF there's enough remaining.

    Hmm ... my old VIC-20 came with like 4K of ram, and
    those were very popular and fun.

    Of course in 'C' you can explicitly create a block
    of named memory and the size can be determined by
    other vars. I'm not sure if this is 'allocation'
    as you mean it or just 'static' by another name.


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Charlie Gibbs@3:633/10 to All on Mon Jan 5 05:57:23 2026
    On 2026-01-05, rbowman <bowman@montana.com> wrote:

    On Sun, 04 Jan 2026 19:41:12 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    On 2026-01-04, Niklas Karlsson <nikke.karlsson@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 2026-01-04, Peter Flass <Peter@Iron-Spring.com> wrote:

    I look at some code and wonder "how the heck has this ever worked?",
    but the answer is that no one ever hit that combination of things
    before, or used that option.

    That's certainly the sensible explanation, but I've had scenarios like
    that, even with my own code from the past, where I could swear up and
    down that I myself had successfully used that code in the exact
    scenario that would obviously break.

    Yup. Sounds like a Schrodinbug. It should have never worked, but it
    does until you look at it - and then it never works again.

    Conversely, it fails until you log a debug statement to see what's going
    on and it works. I'd never, never just leave the debug in place, no
    siree.

    Unless the customer is screaming for a fix RIGHT NOW.

    But I'd go back and try to track it down once he's pacified.

    --
    /~\ Charlie Gibbs | Growth for the sake of
    \ / <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> | growth is the ideology
    X I'm really at ac.dekanfrus | of the cancer cell.
    / \ if you read it the right way. | -- Edward Abbey

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Chris Ahlstrom@3:633/10 to All on Mon Jan 5 17:35:24 2026
    rbowman wrote this post by blinking in Morse code:

    On Mon, 05 Jan 2026 05:57:23 GMT, Charlie Gibbs wrote:

    <snip>

    It's been a day or three but I think I did. iirc it also had the charming feature of only manifesting in the Windows build, not in Linux where I had valgrind and electric fence.

    Another mystery is why memory debuggers on Windows are expensive and
    barely usable. We had a Purify license but configuring the instrumentation was such a hassle it was rarely used. When the license came up for renewal nobody spoke up to keep it. BoundsChecker reportedly is even worse.

    At work I was using a free product that was a lot like valgrind:
    Dr. Memory.

    <https://drmemory.org/>

    --
    Goals... Plans... they're fantasies, they're part of a dream world...
    -- Wally Shawn

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.2
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)