• Re: (ReacTor) Side-Eyeing Science Fiction's Love of Empire

    From The Horny Goat@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 11:21:07 2026
    On Wed, 14 Jan 2026 15:32:28 -0800, Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> wrote:

    That was the story with the American Revolution which was our first
    uncivil war where the Loyalists were persecuted by the Patriots and vice >versa. Neighbors killed neighbors over this little political disagreement.

    Heck my 6x great-grandfather was in the NY State militia in 1812-1813
    ... which as a Canadian is interesting to me as it was that unit that
    marched from Buffalo to York (now known as Toronto) and burnt it.

    And that 4 Canadians who acted as guides for the American troops were
    executed in 1815 (believed to be the last hanging drawing and
    quartering in the British Empire: source Pierre Berton's War of 1812,
    volume 2) in the town square in Burlington, Ontario which is my late
    wife's home town and her mother still lives in the same house the
    family lived in when I first turned up at their door in the early 80s
    - which is about two miles from the old city square (as opposed to the
    new city square which was built in the 70s when the new City Hall was
    built about 2-3 blocks away).

    Needless to say when I showed that passage to my wife she whacked me
    over the head with the book (which is a hard cover about 2 1/2"
    thick). Apparently my "crime" was showing her the book and the page
    discussing the executions and saying "honey, here's something you may
    be interested in - note the location..."

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Horny Goat@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 11:32:26 2026
    On Thu, 15 Jan 2026 16:45:52 -0500, William Hyde
    <wthyde1953@gmail.com> wrote:

    On a reread of the series years ago, I was struck by how much better FE
    is written than the earlier works. Better written but not as much fun.
    As you note, Asimov didn't really want to write it, and perhaps that >accounts for a certain amount of that loss of fun SF exuberance.

    Presumably Asimov had learned a few things as a writer during the 30
    years between Second Foundation and Foundation's Edge.

    I was a young teenager when I read the Foundation trilogy and while I definitely wanted more when I finished Second Foundation knew that it
    was a pretty good place to end the series (though I hadn't heard of
    Gibbon at that point). Naturally being 14 at the time I was
    "interested" in Arkady Darrell and pleased when the Warlord of Kalgan
    met his end. Even at 14 I knew it was wrong to have dynastic ambitions involving 15 year olds.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Horny Goat@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 11:34:04 2026
    On Sat, 17 Jan 2026 22:23:08 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro
    <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    On Sat, 17 Jan 2026 16:29:40 -0000 (UTC), Don wrote:

    Wars and rumors of war are foretold by Saint Matthew the Apostle.

    Wow, it?s like nobody else thought that wars would happen ...

    My immediate reaction to that lne was "Matthew couldn't possibly have
    been the first to say something like that!"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Horny Goat@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 11:38:23 2026
    On Sun, 18 Jan 2026 21:38:53 -0800, Dimensional Traveler
    <dtravel@sonic.net> wrote:

    On 1/18/2026 1:14 PM, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Sun, 18 Jan 2026 12:53:58 -0500 (EST), Scott Dorsey wrote:

    This has always been the case, and it's one of the downsides of
    monarchies.

    It?s been amusing and slightly mystifying, to see the preoccupation in
    the USA with ?kings?, and avoiding coming under their reach. Those of
    us who stayed in the British Empire found a way to keep the king under
    control, by setting up a Constitutional Monarchy. Meanwhile, the USA
    seems to be falling under the sway of a dictator, almost without
    realizing it.

    Oh, most of it realize it, the problem is too many Americans WANT it.

    Which if proof was needed demonstrates that Obama and Biden
    (especially the latter) simply went too far.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Horny Goat@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 11:47:28 2026
    On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 23:44:30 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro
    <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    The phrase that?s missing here is ?multiparty democracy??. Can you have
    a real democracy with a realistic choice of only two parties, where
    every contest is seen as a zero-sum game? And with so much political >interference in the election process?

    I think the US is an outstanding example as to why the answer is no?.

    Catch is you either have a 2 party state or a multi-party state. Which
    would you prefer - the present US situation where the parties are both deserting the center or the British situation where you have a party
    in power where they have managed to dig themselves a pit, fallen into
    it and yet are still guaranteed 4 more years of power - and the
    opposition parties as much at war with each other as they are with
    Labour.

    Because even in the last year of Biden there was little or no talk of
    policies remotely in the center. My reaction to the second Biden
    debate (which I watched live) was "here I thought Biden had a good
    chance - but after tonight this is going to be a defeat of epic
    proportions". And I wasn't sure whether his policies or his mental
    acuity was his worst problem.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The Horny Goat@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 11:57:27 2026
    On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 23:49:35 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro
    <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    Let me offer South Korea as a remarkable recent example: where an
    attempt at instituting a dictatorship was thwarted within just hours.
    The President tried to suspend the National Assembly (Parliament),
    only to have the Assembly members defy him by turning up for work
    anyway (in the middle of the night!). He had ordered the military to
    stop them from meeting, by force if necessary, but the soldiers had no >stomach for shooting their fellow citizens. And so the coup collapsed.

    You know the old saying ?the price of liberty is eternal vigilance??.
    In this case, vigilance worked.

    South Korea has the advantage of being geographically small enough
    that legislators from outlying areas could get to Seoul quickly.
    Canada was a week later than the UK and Australia in declaring war on
    Germany in 1939 - their parliaments were in session while Canada's
    wasn't. And in 1939 politicians did NOT routinely fly. In the previous
    decade the Canadian Football League championship game was not played
    as the flight carrying one of the teams crashed on its way to the game
    which was one of the factors in the prime minister giving Canadian parliamenarians a week to get to Ottawa.

    (In 1941 following Pearl Harbor the Canadian parliament WAS in session
    and actually declared war on Japan BEFORE the United States due to the
    prime minister convening the meeting of parliament, and immediately
    called for a vote before any debate - as opposed to the US Congress
    where several Reps and Senators insisted on making speeches before the
    vote (which everyone expected to be unanimous. Obviously nobody in
    Canada expected the US NOT to go to war after Pearl Harbor))

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Dimensional Traveler@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 13:51:59 2026
    On 2/7/2026 11:38 AM, The Horny Goat wrote:
    On Sun, 18 Jan 2026 21:38:53 -0800, Dimensional Traveler
    <dtravel@sonic.net> wrote:

    On 1/18/2026 1:14 PM, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Sun, 18 Jan 2026 12:53:58 -0500 (EST), Scott Dorsey wrote:

    This has always been the case, and it's one of the downsides of
    monarchies.

    It?s been amusing and slightly mystifying, to see the preoccupation in
    the USA with ?kings?, and avoiding coming under their reach. Those of
    us who stayed in the British Empire found a way to keep the king under
    control, by setting up a Constitutional Monarchy. Meanwhile, the USA
    seems to be falling under the sway of a dictator, almost without
    realizing it.

    Oh, most of it realize it, the problem is too many Americans WANT it.

    Which if proof was needed demonstrates that Obama and Biden
    (especially the latter) simply went too far.

    No, not really. It just means that there are/were a lot more racist, religious fanatics out there than many people were willing to believe.

    --
    I've done good in this world. Now I'm tired and just want to be a cranky
    dirty old man.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Bobbie Sellers@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 13:57:50 2026


    On 2/7/26 11:47, The Horny Goat wrote:
    On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 23:44:30 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    The phrase thatƒ??s missing here is ƒ??multiparty democracyƒ??. Can you have >> a real democracy with a realistic choice of only two parties, where
    every contest is seen as a zero-sum game? And with so much political
    interference in the election process?

    I think the US is an outstanding example as to why the answer is no?.

    Catch is you either have a 2 party state or a multi-party state. Which
    would you prefer - the present US situation where the parties are both deserting the center or the British situation where you have a party
    in power where they have managed to dig themselves a pit, fallen into
    it and yet are still guaranteed 4 more years of power - and the
    opposition parties as much at war with each other as they are with
    Labour.

    Because even in the last year of Biden there was little or no talk of policies remotely in the center. My reaction to the second Biden
    debate (which I watched live) was "here I thought Biden had a good
    chance - but after tonight this is going to be a defeat of epic
    proportions". And I wasn't sure whether his policies or his mental
    acuity was his worst problem.

    But Biden did not run. Kamala Harris was the Democratic candidate
    and started late to finish last which was not her fault at all. The consequences
    are terrible for the USA. Which was already with the removal of limitations
    on contributions to Political Parties and Candidates pointing itself to the obsolescence of its power.
    Before that the pretence of Representative Democracy was removed
    in ther 1920s in limiting the number of Representatives of the American
    People at 435 regardless of our massive population increases.
    When the radical religious right seized control of the Supreme Court
    of the USA it may have dealt a fatal blow to the liberalizations of the
    Social Order which have happened since World War II.
    The choice by the people of the present leader is unfortunate for
    many reasons foremost in my minds the rejection of science that disagrees
    with the profits of many who must hate the generations which may come.

    I am 88 yoa and was born in a freer time but amid rumors of war
    and now we have a leader in the USA, others in Russia and China who
    are on the verge of creating chaos.

    bliss

    Loyalty to petrified opinions never yet broke a chain or freed a human soul
    in this world - and never will. (Mark Twain)


    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Bobbie Sellers@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 14:11:55 2026


    On 2/7/26 13:51, Dimensional Traveler wrote:
    On 2/7/2026 11:38 AM, The Horny Goat wrote:
    On Sun, 18 Jan 2026 21:38:53 -0800, Dimensional Traveler
    <dtravel@sonic.net> wrote:

    On 1/18/2026 1:14 PM, Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:
    On Sun, 18 Jan 2026 12:53:58 -0500 (EST), Scott Dorsey wrote:

    This has always been the case, and it's one of the downsides of
    monarchies.

    It?s been amusing and slightly mystifying, to see the preoccupation in >>>> the USA with ?kings?, and avoiding coming under their reach. Those of
    us who stayed in the British Empire found a way to keep the king under >>>> control, by setting up a Constitutional Monarchy. Meanwhile, the USA
    seems to be falling under the sway of a dictator, almost without
    realizing it.

    Oh, most of it realize it, the problem is too many Americans WANT it.

    Which if proof was needed demonstrates that Obama and Biden
    (especially the latter) simply went too far.

    No, not really.˙ It just means that there are/were a lot more racist, religious fanatics out there than many people were willing to believe.


    I was willing to believe it because I have met some of them in my
    youth and there are a lof white people who will vote for someone who is
    willing to tell them that they are better than any black person. Obama's election flipped a switch on them and they moved behind Trump. Biden's
    election which was wasted in many way due to his 20th Century sensibiliites.
    He thought that the Republicans would play by the rules and he should have known better after Moscow Mitch McConnell interfered with Obama's
    Presidential perogative to name a Member of the Supreme Court for
    approval by the Senate. McConnell is a racist and a frustrated one at
    that because when Obama assumed office, McConnell vowed that he
    would be a one-term president. McConnell was frustrated in that ambition
    and as a result frustrated the attempts by the President to get better
    laws in many fields besides the denial of a vote on the President's
    candidate for SCOUSA.

    bliss



    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Jay Morris@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 16:16:23 2026
    On 2/7/2026 1:57 PM, The Horny Goat wrote:
    (In 1941 following Pearl Harbor the Canadian parliament WAS in session
    and actually declared war on Japan BEFORE the United States due to the
    prime minister convening the meeting of parliament, and immediately
    called for a vote before any debate - as opposed to the US Congress
    where several Reps and Senators insisted on making speeches before the
    vote (which everyone expected to be unanimous. Obviously nobody in
    Canada expected the US NOT to go to war after Pearl Harbor))

    Almost was. 388?1. Representative Jeannette Rankin of Montana, a
    pacifist, was the sole dissenting vote.

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Scott Dorsey@3:633/10 to All on Sat Feb 7 18:05:09 2026
    Dimensional Traveler <dtravel@sonic.net> wrote:
    No, not really. It just means that there are/were a lot more racist, >religious fanatics out there than many people were willing to believe.

    That certainly is true. It's not necessarily the fundamental problem but
    it certainly came as a surprise to many people in my generation who thought
    we had got mostly past all that craziness.
    --scott
    --
    "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis."

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Paul S Person@3:633/10 to All on Sun Feb 8 09:00:15 2026
    On Sat, 7 Feb 2026 13:57:50 -0800, Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> wrote:



    On 2/7/26 11:47, The Horny Goat wrote:
    On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 23:44:30 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro
    <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    The phrase that?s missing here is ?multiparty
    democracy??. Can you have
    a real democracy with a realistic choice of only two parties, where
    every contest is seen as a zero-sum game? And with so much political
    interference in the election process?

    I think the US is an outstanding example as to why the answer is no?.

    Catch is you either have a 2 party state or a multi-party state. Which
    would you prefer - the present US situation where the parties are both
    deserting the center or the British situation where you have a party
    in power where they have managed to dig themselves a pit, fallen into
    it and yet are still guaranteed 4 more years of power - and the
    opposition parties as much at war with each other as they are with
    Labour.

    Because even in the last year of Biden there was little or no talk of
    policies remotely in the center. My reaction to the second Biden
    debate (which I watched live) was "here I thought Biden had a good
    chance - but after tonight this is going to be a defeat of epic
    proportions". And I wasn't sure whether his policies or his mental
    acuity was his worst problem.

    But Biden did not run. Kamala Harris was the Democratic candidate
    and started late to finish last which was not her fault at all.

    Yes, the Democrats really exceeded themselves in 2024 in their
    eagerness to lose.

    As I have noted before, Democratss do not /win/: when a Democrat comes
    out on top, it is because the Republicans /lost/. Specifically, in the Presidential race, as the others are affected by State-level issues.

    <this is actually a continuation of the quoted paragraph above>

    The
    consequences
    are terrible for the USA. Which was already with the removal of
    limitations
    on contributions to Political Parties and Candidates pointing itself to
    the
    obsolescence of its power.

    I'm not sure what you mean here. If you are talking about trying to
    force certain cities/states into insurrection so the Army can be used
    against them then, yes, it is terrible. Indeed, it is /treasonous/.

    But the damage done by removing contribution limitations goes far
    further than that. A lot of the "no taxes" crowd were wholly owned
    subsidiaries of the Koch brothers, for example.

    Before that the pretence of Representative Democracy was removed
    in ther 1920s in limiting the number of Representatives of the American >People at 435 regardless of our massive population increases.

    This was done to make having to rebuild the Capitol every decade or
    saw to accomodate an ever-growing House unnecessary. Had computers
    been around at the time, the decision might have been different, as
    another reason was the increased complexity and paperwork involved.

    The /real/ problem was separating ther House from the People by
    insisting that each State have at least one Representative. That,
    however, would be very hard to correct.

    When the radical religious right seized control of the Supreme Court
    of the USA it may have dealt a fatal blow to the liberalizations of the >Social Order which have happened since World War II.

    I don't think that has happened yet. To be sure, two Justices are
    wholly-owned subsidiaries of (different) rich white men, and Moscow
    Mitch managed to get three appointed by Trump (arguably another act of treason), but voting analysis suggests the splits are not that clear.

    The choice by the people of the present leader is unfortunate for
    many reasons foremost in my minds the rejection of science that
    disagrees
    with the profits of many who must hate the generations which may come.

    The Democrats lost because the Republicans didn't. In the popular
    vote, just barely (nothing like a mandate); better in the Electoral
    College (but by no means a landslide).

    I am 88 yoa and was born in a freer time but amid rumors of war
    and now we have a leader in the USA, others in Russia and China who
    are on the verge of creating chaos.

    The USA leader appears to me to be primarily interested in dominating
    the headlines. Some of his seamier advisors, however, may have an
    agenda or two.
    --
    "Here lies the Tuscan poet Aretino,
    Who evil spoke of everyone but God,
    Giving as his excuse, 'I never knew him.'"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Paul S Person@3:633/10 to All on Sun Feb 8 09:04:23 2026
    On Sat, 07 Feb 2026 11:47:28 -0800, The Horny Goat <lcraver@home.ca>
    wrote:

    On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 23:44:30 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro ><ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    The phrase that?s missing here is ?multiparty
    democracy??. Can you have
    a real democracy with a realistic choice of only two parties, where
    every contest is seen as a zero-sum game? And with so much political >>interference in the election process?

    I think the US is an outstanding example as to why the answer is no?.

    Catch is you either have a 2 party state or a multi-party state. Which
    would you prefer - the present US situation where the parties are both >deserting the center or the British situation where you have a party
    in power where they have managed to dig themselves a pit, fallen into
    it and yet are still guaranteed 4 more years of power - and the
    opposition parties as much at war with each other as they are with
    Labour.

    Because even in the last year of Biden there was little or no talk of >policies remotely in the center. My reaction to the second Biden
    debate (which I watched live) was "here I thought Biden had a good
    chance - but after tonight this is going to be a defeat of epic
    proportions". And I wasn't sure whether his policies or his mental
    acuity was his worst problem.

    I would prefer two centrist Parties, one slighly left and one slightly
    right, both aware that they need to talk to each other and negotiate
    in good faith.

    But how we get there from here I have no idea. The only role in this I
    can see for the existing major parties is to dry up and blow away (the
    time for reforming them is, I suspect, long past); the minor parties
    tend to be very ideological (in some primaries, we have had several
    candidates claiming different parties using the exact same statement,
    which mostly concerns the national level rather than whatever office
    they are running for).
    --
    "Here lies the Tuscan poet Aretino,
    Who evil spoke of everyone but God,
    Giving as his excuse, 'I never knew him.'"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Paul S Person@3:633/10 to All on Sun Feb 8 09:11:12 2026
    On Sat, 7 Feb 2026 18:05:09 -0500 (EST), kludge@panix.com (Scott
    Dorsey) wrote:

    Dimensional Traveler <dtravel@sonic.net> wrote:
    No, not really. It just means that there are/were a lot more racist, >>religious fanatics out there than many people were willing to believe.

    That certainly is true. It's not necessarily the fundamental problem
    but
    it certainly came as a surprise to many people in my generation who
    thought
    we had got mostly past all that craziness.

    In some parts of the country, I suspect we pretty much have.

    In other parts of the country, we appear to have at least moved beyond
    the more explicit and fanatical ideas.

    But in some parts, there has been progress (thanks to various
    laws/court decisions), but the fanaticism is there. Thus, when we
    heard that the State Capital of Alabama was having economic problems,
    it was not necessary to ask what the population was: this was the
    'Bama: of course they were African-Americans. It goes without saying.
    Or did at that time.
    --
    "Here lies the Tuscan poet Aretino,
    Who evil spoke of everyone but God,
    Giving as his excuse, 'I never knew him.'"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Paul S Person@3:633/10 to All on Sun Feb 8 09:15:35 2026
    On Sat, 07 Feb 2026 11:34:04 -0800, The Horny Goat <lcraver@home.ca>
    wrote:

    On Sat, 17 Jan 2026 22:23:08 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro ><ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    On Sat, 17 Jan 2026 16:29:40 -0000 (UTC), Don wrote:

    Wars and rumors of war are foretold by Saint Matthew the Apostle.

    Wow, it?s like nobody else thought that wars would happen ...

    My immediate reaction to that lne was "Matthew couldn't possibly have
    been the first to say something like that!"

    It's actually attributed to someone else, who is describing how the
    world will end. Which, in at least one place, is explicitly said to
    not include this ("but the end is not yeat" or something like that).

    The obvious fact that wars etc are always happening has always been a
    brake on claims that "the time is soon". The reality is that "the time
    is unknown, and no amount of discussion is going to make it known, so
    don't bother".
    --
    "Here lies the Tuscan poet Aretino,
    Who evil spoke of everyone but God,
    Giving as his excuse, 'I never knew him.'"

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From The True Melissa@3:633/10 to All on Sun Feb 8 12:45:31 2026
    Verily, in article <d9fhok95tspef4irjjjmp9cd1oq9slt2ha@4ax.com>, did psperson@old.netcom.invalid deliver unto us this message:
    On Sat, 7 Feb 2026 13:57:50 -0800, Bobbie Sellers <bliss-sf4ever@dslextreme.com> wrote:

    [quoted text muted]
    proportions". And I wasn't sure whether his policies or his mental
    acuity was his worst problem.

    But Biden did not run. Kamala Harris was the Democratic candidate
    and started late to finish last which was not her fault at all.

    Yes, the Democrats really exceeded themselves in 2024 in their
    eagerness to lose.


    That may well have been Joe Biden's plan. We've heard via leaks that the Democrats wanted an open primary. Instead, after Pelosi pressured him
    into resigning, Biden announced his own withdrawal and then immediately endorsed Harris. They were kind of stuck with her after that.

    --
    The True Melissa - Canal Winchester - Ohio
    United States of America - North America - Earth
    Solar System - Milky Way - Local Group
    Virgo Cluster - Laniakea Supercluster - Cosmos

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)
  • From Lawrence D?Oliveiro@3:633/10 to All on Mon Feb 9 07:07:08 2026
    On Sat, 07 Feb 2026 11:47:28 -0800, The Horny Goat wrote:

    On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 23:44:30 -0000 (UTC), Lawrence D?Oliveiro wrote:

    The phrase that?s missing here is ?multiparty democracy?. Can you
    have a real democracy with a realistic choice of only two parties,
    where every contest is seen as a zero-sum game? And with so much
    political interference in the election process?

    I think the US is an outstanding example as to why the answer is ?no?.

    Catch is you either have a 2 party state or a multi-party state.
    Which would you prefer - the present US situation where the parties
    are both deserting the center or the British situation where you
    have a party in power where they have managed to dig themselves a
    pit, fallen into it and yet are still guaranteed 4 more years of
    power - and the opposition parties as much at war with each other as
    they are with Labour.

    There are no such term guarantees in the UK, or any other
    Parliamentary democracy for that matter. Remember, there is no need to
    go through a cumbersome ?impeachment? process to get rid of the
    current executive; all that?s needed is a vote of no confidence to
    pass in Parliament, and down the Government comes, and it?s time for
    another election (unless another group within the existing Parliament
    can make a case to the Monarch that they can put together a credible Government).

    --- PyGate Linux v1.5.11
    * Origin: Dragon's Lair, PyGate NNTP<>Fido Gate (3:633/10)